Glucocorticoid administration has been shown to exert complex effects on cognitive and emotional processing. In the current study we investigated the effects of glucocorticoid administration on attention towards emotional words, using an Affective Go/No-go task on which healthy humans have shown an attentional bias towards positive as compared to negative words. Healthy volunteers received plac...

Simulation studies were conducted to estimate the statistical power of repeated low-dose challenge experiments performed in nonhuman primates to detect the effect of a candidate human immunodeficiency virus vaccine. The effect of various design parameters on power was explored. Results of simulation studies indicate that repeated low-dose challenge studies with a total sample of size 50 (25 ani...

Use of the lowest clinically effective dose of postmenopausal hormone therapy conforms to current recommendations and good clinical practice. Although accumulating evidence demonstrates the efficacy and tolerability of low hormone therapy doses, data about their use are limited by a lack of long-term, randomized studies. This review evaluates current evidence on the efficacy, safety, and tolera...

Despite over 60 years of use, glucocorticoids continue to be a controversial therapy in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). This stems largely from their measured a well as their perceived toxicity. However, a paucity of top tier evidence from clinical trials or very carefully controlled observational studies leads to limited evidence supporting potential causal relations between low-dose glucocorticoid...

A classical paradigm [correction of paradym] of radiation biology asserts that all radiation effects on cells, tissues and organisms are due to the direct action of radiation. However, there has been a recent growth of interest in the indirect actions of radiation including the radiation-induced adaptive response, the bystander effect, low-dose hypersensitivity, and genomic instability, which a...

Technological advances facilitating the acquisition of large arrays of biomarker data have led to new opportunities to understand and characterize disease progression over time. This creates an analytical challenge, however, due to the large numbers of potentially informative markers, the high degrees of correlation among them, and the time-dependent trajectories of association. We propose a mi...

In January 1978, the United States Congress requested information about the utility of additional epidemiologic studies for quantifying the health effects of low-dose ionizing radiation. In our judgment, no single population can be recommended for study on purely scientific grounds, since the largest group offers only a small chance to obtain a definitive result. On the other hand, if social pr...

BACKGROUND Amblyopia is the commonest visual disorder of childhood in Western societies, affecting, predominantly, spatial visual function. Treatment typically requires a period of refractive correction ('optical treatment') followed by occlusion: covering the nonamblyopic eye with a fabric patch for varying daily durations. Recent studies have provided insight into the optimal amount of patchi...

Dosimetric consequences of positional shifts were studied using frameless Brainlab ExacTrac X-ray system for hypofractionated (3 or 5 fractions) intracranial stereo-tactic radiotherapy (SRT). SRT treatments of 17 patients with metastatic intracranial tumors using the stereotactic system were retrospectively investigated. The treatments were simulated in a treatment planning system by modifying ...