We tested the hypothesis that priming exercise would speed V(O2) kinetics during treadmill running. Eight subjects completed a square-wave protocol, involving two bouts of treadmill running at 70% of the difference between the running speeds at lactate threshold (LT) and V(O2) max, separated by 6-min of walking at 4 km h(-1), on two occasions. Oxygen uptake was measured breath-by-breath and sub...

Involuntarily exercising rats undergo more physical and mental stress than voluntarily exercising rats; however, these findings still lack electrophysiological evidence. Many studies have reported that theta rhythm appears when there is mental stress and that it is affected by emotional status. Thus we hypothesized that the differences between voluntary and involuntary movement should also exis...

A hybrid zone involving Cnemidophmus tigris punctilinealis (formerly gracilis) and C. tigris marnoratus in southwestern New Mexico and adjacent Arizona is narrow and characterized by abrupt and concordant change in both morphological characters and allele frequencies studied by protein electrophoresis. We compared adult C. tigris sampled from three locations that span the hybrid zone. Body mass...

Svalbard rock ptarmigans were walked and run upon a treadmill and their energy expenditure measured using respirometry. The ptarmigan used three different gaits: a walking gait at slow speeds (less than or equal to 0.75 m s(-1)), grounded running at intermediate speeds (0.75 m s(-1) < U < 1.67 m s(-1)) and aerial running at high speeds (greater than or equal to 1.67 m s(-1)). Changes of gait we...

20 Involuntary exercising rats undergo more physical and mental stress than voluntary exercising 21 rats; however these findings still lack electrophysiological evidence. Many studies have reported 22 that theta rhythm appears when there is mental stress and that it is affected by emotional status. 23 Thus, we hypothesized that the differences between voluntary and involuntary movement should 2...

High-impact exercise is considered to be very beneficial for bones. We investigated the ability of jump exercise to restore bone mass and structure after the deterioration induced by tail suspension in growing rats and made comparisons with treadmill running exercise. Five-week-old male Wistar rats (n = 28) were randomly assigned to four body weight-matched groups: a spontaneous recovery group ...

Downhill running is associated with fiber damage, inflammation, delayed-onset muscle soreness, and various functional deficits. Curcumin, a constituent of the Indian spice turmeric has been investigated for its anti-inflammatory activity and may offset some of the damage and functional deficits associated with downhill running. This study examined the effects of curcumin on inflammation and rec...

Warren, Young, and Lee (1986) found that treadmill runners control step length by regulating vertical impulse, which could be modulated by the optical time-to-contact variable tau. In contrast, Patla, Robinson, Samways, and Armstrong (1989) report a 40% contribution of horizontal impulse in overground running and a control strategy that depends on the timing of target cuing, undermining the tau...

Progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in substantia nigra is a key pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease. In the present study, we investigated the effects of treadmill exercise on short-term memory, apoptotic dopaminergic neuronal cell death and fiber loss in the nigrostriatum, and cell proliferation in the hippocampal dentate gyrus of Parkinson's rats. Parkinson's rats were made by injection...

This study examined habituation to treadmill walking or running in children. Twenty-four boys and girls, ages 7-1 1, completed six 6-min trials of treadmill exercise at one of these speeds: (a) comfortable walking pace (CWP), (b) CWP + 15%, (c) running at CWP + 3 km.hr-I, or (d) running as above + 15%. The six trials were repeated in a second visit. The a priori criterion for habituation was a ...