Starting with general hyperbolic systems of conservation laws, a special sub{class is extracted in which classical solutions can be expressed in terms of a linear transport equation. A characterizing property of this sub{class which contains, for example, all linear systems and non{linear scalar equations, is the existence of so called exponentially exact entropies.

With nonequilibrium Green's function approach combined with density functional theory, we perform an ab initio calculation to investigate transport properties of graphene nanoribbon (GNR) junctions self-consistently. Tight-binding approximation is applied to model the zigzag (ZGNR) electrodes, and its validity is confirmed in comparison to the GAUSSIAN03 periodic boundary condition calculation ...

Microfibers composed of azobenzene-based photochromic amorphous molecular materials, namely low molecular-mass photochromic materials with a glass-forming property, could be fabricated. These fibers were found to exhibit mechanical bending motion upon irradiation with a laser beam. In addition, the bending direction could be controlled by altering the polarization direction of the irradiated li...

We consider the semigroup on L 1 (IR n) deened by the nonlinear transport equation for the scalar s @ t s + div(f(s) u) = 0 in (0; 1)I R n for given velocity eld u. We show that this nonlinear semigroup is HH older continuous for t > 0 in the uniform operator topology, provided the graph of f has no linear segments. This continuity property | which expresses a regularizing eeect of the nonlinea...

We study the optimal transport problem in sub-Riemannian manifolds where the cost function is given by the square of the sub-Riemannian distance. Under appropriate assumptions, we generalize Brenier-McCann’s Theorem proving existence and uniqueness of the optimal transport map. We show the absolute continuity property of Wassertein geodesics, and we address the regularity issue of the optimal m...

Quantum piezotronic transistor is studied based on HgTe/CdTe topological insulator with a circular quantum point contact. The radius of the region modulated by strain-induced piezoelectric potential. electronic transport behavior edge and bulk states explored calculating conductance density distribution under different Fermi energies strains. Transport property machine learning method can be ef...

Electron supercollimation, in which a wave packet is guided to move undistorted along a selected direction, is a highly desirable property that has yet to be realized experimentally. Disorder in general is expected to inhibit supercollimation. Here we report a counterintuitive phenomenon of electron supercollimation by disorder in graphene and related Dirac fermion materials. We show that one c...

A kinetic simulation code based on the gyrokinetic ion dynamics in global general metric (including a tokamak with circular or noncircular cross–section) has been developed. This gyrokinetic simulation is capable of examining the global and semi–global driftwave structures and their associated transport in a tokamak plasma. We investigate the property of the ion temperature gradient (ITG) or ηi...

This paper presents an integral solution of the generalized one-dimensional equation of energy transport with the convective term. The solution of the problem has been achieved by the use of a novel technique that involves generalized derivatives (in particular, derivatives of noninteger orders). Confluent hypergeometric functions, known as Whittaker’s functions, appear in the course of the sol...

The confinement property in helical toroidal plasmas is clarified. The analysis is performed by use of the one-dimensional transport equations with the effect of the radiative loss and the radial profile of the electric field. The analytical results in the edge region show the steep gradient in the electron temperature, which indicates the transport barrier formation. Because of the rapid incre...