Temporal–contrastive discourse connectives (although, while, since, etc.) signal various types of relations between clauses such as temporal, contrast, concession and cause. They are often ambiguous and therefore difficult to translate from one language to another. We discuss several new and translation-oriented experiments for the disambiguation of a specific subset of discourse connectives in...

In the framework of the Tc-Star project, we analyze and propose a combination of two Statistical Machine Translation systems: a phrase-based and an N -gram-based one. The exhaustive analysis includes a comparison of the translation models in terms of efficiency (number of translation units used in the search and computational time) and an examination of the errors in each system’s output. Addit...

We are presenting a hybrid MT approach in the WMT2016 Shared Translation Task for the IT-Domain. Our work consists of several translation components based on rule-based and statistical approaches that feed into an informed selection mechanism. Additions to last year’s submission include a WSD component, a syntactically-enhanced component and several improvements to the rule-based component, rel...

We present Depfix, an open-source system for automatic post-editing of phrase-based machine translation outputs. Depfix employs a range of natural language processing tools to obtain analyses of the input sentences, and uses a set of rules to correct common or serious errors in machine translation outputs. Depfix is currently implemented only for English-to-Czech translation direction, but exte...

We present a project on machine translation of software help desk tickets, a highly technical text domain. The main source of translation errors were out-of-vocabulary tokens (OOVs), most of which were either in-domain German compounds or technical token sequences that must be preserved verbatim in the output. We describe our efforts on compound splitting and treatment of non-translatable token...

Cross-Language Spoken Document Retrieval (CLSDR) combines both the complexities of retrieval from collections characterized by speech transcription errors and language translation issues between search requests and documents. Thus achieving effective retrieval in this domain is potentially very challenging. For the CLEF 2003 SDR task we adopted a standard query translation strategy using commer...

Temporal–contrastive discourse connectives (although, while, since, etc.) signal various types of relations between clauses such as temporal, contrast, concession and cause. They are often ambiguous and therefore difficult to translate from one language to another. We discuss several new and translation-oriented experiments for the disambiguation of a specific subset of discourse connectives in...

We describe refinements to hierarchical translation search procedures intended to reduce both search errors and memory usage through modifications to hypothesis expansion in cube pruning and reductions in the size of the rule sets used in translation. Rules are put into syntactic classes based on the number of non-terminals and the pattern, and various filtering strategies are then applied to a...

We introduce a new approach to the problem of obtaining cost-effective, reasonable quality translation, by exploiting simple and inexpensive human computations by monolingual speakers. The key insight behind the process is that it is possible to to spot likely translation errors with only monolingual knowledge of the target language, and it is possible to generate new ways to say the same thing...

The addition of naturally occurring polyamines and inorganic ions to an in vitro protein-synthesizing system improved the extent and fidelity of translation. In such an optimized system, regeneration of the nucleoside triphosphates with phosphoenolpyruvate and pyruvate kinase (ATP:pyruvate 2-O-phosphotransferase, EC 2.7.1.40) reduced further the missense error frequency to the in vivo level as ...