In this two-stage empirical research, the authors attempted to study the impact of promoting translation sub-competences defined by PACTE's Multi-Componential Model for Translation Competence on the promotion of total translation competence as the first stage. The experiment for this purpose was conducted on a group of Iranian undergraduate students comprising of their exposure to a targeted sy...

lipases are versatile biocatalysts with a wide range of application in food, dairy, leather, paper, pharmaceutical and detergent industries.  in this study, mesophilic lipase gene from an indigenous bacillus pumilus f3 that already its gene had been sequenced and  identified, was cloned and expressed in methylotrophic yeast pichia pastoris and codon translation of lipase gene was evaluated in p...

for more than a decade, academic libraries have been wrestling with the thorny issue of managing the acquisition of electronic resources. where are we in the continuum from paper lists to vendor-designed management systems? this paper takes a look at several in-house initiatives around the country, commenting on the successes and failures of the homegrown programs built to track. update and man...

translating and translation are transformed with information and communication technology (ict). within three decades, a new work environment is shaking up the translator’s world. new types of translators are emerging. the balance between supply and demand is changing. however, we need adequate tools and methods to investigate the new hierarchy which has become established between translators, ...

This study aimed to assess the quality of Persian translation of Orwell's (1949) Nineteen Eighty-Four by Balooch (2004) based on House's (1997) model of translation quality assessment. To do so, 23 pages (about 10 percent) of the source text were randomly selected. The profile of the source text register was produced and the genre was realized. The source text profile was compared to t...

Under the guidance of Systemic-functional synthetic framework for multimodal discourse analysis, this paper collects corpus from classical American TV show Friends and undertakes a thorough qualitative analysis how cross-modal relations influence Chinese translation English subtitles. As is shown, in order to give viewers better understanding subtitles contexts, different translational a...

In the West, Translation Studies as a discipline has a very short but lively history. Founded in the early 1970s in the Low Countries—Holland and Belgium—translation studies is a fairly new field. Yet, today some theorists suggest that the discipline is too limited to translated texts and excludes much translation data being generated from other fields of inquiry, including theater, art, archit...

In this paper, we propose a novel translation model (TM) based cross-lingual data selection model for language model (LM) adaptation in statistical machine translation (SMT), from word models to phrase models. Given a source sentence in the translation task, this model directly estimates the probability that a sentence in the target LM training corpus is similar. Compared with the traditional a...