OBJECTIVE To verify the behavior of coronary microvascular tone during spontaneous ischemia in patients with unstable angina (UA). BACKGROUND In UA, the pathogenetic role of vasoconstriction is classically confined at the stenotic coronary segment. However, microcirculatory vasoconstriction has been also suggested by previous experimental and clinical studies. METHODS The study included 10 ...

We studied headache features in 3,126 patients with acute cerebral or retinal ischemia. Headache occurred in 18% of these patients (in 16% of all patients with transient ischemic attacks, in 18% of patients with reversible ischemic neurologic deficits, and in 19% of patients with minor strokes) and was mostly continuous in all types of attacks. Headache was present in 16% of patients with monoc...

OBJECTIVE The mechanism of spinal cord injury has been thought to be related to the vulnerability of spinal motor neuron cells to ischemia. However, the mechanisms of such vulnerability are not fully understood. We previously reported that spinal motor neurons might be lost as a result of programmed cell death and investigated a possible mechanism of neuronal death by means of immunohistochemic...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The purpose of the present study is to determine the effect of mild hypothermia on the synthesis of ubiquitin, an important protein for maintenance of cell viability, in the hippocampal neurons following transient cerebral ischemia. METHODS Transient ischemia was induced by occluding both common carotid arteries for 5 minutes. In experiment 1, the animals were divided i...

The association between recovery of brain function and behavior after transient cerebral ischemia in animals and humans is incompletely characterized. Quantitative diffusion- (DWI), perfusion- (PWI), T(2)-weighted (T(2)WI), and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) were performed before, during, and up to 1 day after 20-mins transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO; n=6) or sham...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Chronic 17beta-estradiol (E2) replacement therapy in ovariectomized (OVX) female rats reduces leukocyte adhesion and brain damage after transient forebrain ischemia. Recently, we found that E2 treatment in diabetic OVX females was associated with enhanced postischemic neuropathology. We tested the hypothesis that in chronically hyperglycemic diabetic OVX females, chronic ...

Mitochondria play a critical role in cell survival and death after cerebral ischemia. Uncoupling proteins (UCPs) are inner mitochondrial membrane proteins that disperse the mitochondrial proton gradient by translocating H(+) across the inner membrane in order to stabilize the inner mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨ(m)) and reduce the formation of reactive oxygen species. Previous studies hav...

O ver the past 50 years, the understanding of the pathophysiology of myocardial edema in the setting of acute myocardial infarction (MI) has evolved significantly. Controlled animal studies have demonstrated that ischemia or transient ischemia followed by reperfusion lead to myocardial edema. In particular, ischemia promotes intracellular edema and the extent of edema is directly related to isc...

Using in situ hybridization, Northern blot analysis, Western blot analysis, and immunocytochemistry, mRNA and protein expression of the novel DNA damage-inducible gene GADD45 was examined in the rat brain at 0.5, 2, 4, 8, 16, 24, 48, and 72 hours after 15 minutes of transient global ischemia. Transient ischemia produced by the four-vessel occlusion method resulted in DNA double-strand breaks an...