Biodiesel, an environmentally friendly biomass-based fuel, is gaining popularity globally as a cost-effective way to meet rising fuel demand. However, the high cost of raw materials and catalysts continues drive up biodiesel production. An alternative feedstock with heterogeneously catalyzed reaction could be most stabilize industrial growth. Understanding these issues led idea using waste palm...

AlPO4 solid acid catalyst was prepared in order to use it transesterification reaction of edible oil after supporting with tungsten oxide. The maximum conversion obtained 78.78% at concentration (5gm.), temperature 70°Ϲ, 30/1 methanol/edible molar ratio, and time 5hr. study kinetics the indicates that has an 3/2, while value activation energy for is 51.367 kJ/mole frequency factor equal 26219.1...

The transesterification process of trimethylphosphate with ethanol and isopropanol is examined. It is found that the reaction does not proceed in the absence of base even at temperature up to 100°C, whereas in the presence of sodium alkoxide as a catalyst it takes place at room temperature leading to a mixture of mono-,bi-, tri-substitute esters as well as the minor by-products resulting from t...

Introduction The fatty acid esters synthesis by transesterification of oils to produce biodiesel commonly involves methanol or ethanol as acyl acceptor. The transesterification of vegetable oils catalyzed by lipases is an alternative process for obtaining biodiesel. These biocatalysts working under mild conditions of temperature, allow for easy recovery of glycerol, synthesis of specific alkyl ...

HIV-1 integrase is the viral enzyme responsible for the insertion of the viral DNA into the host cell chromosome. This process occurs through two distinct biochemical reactions: the 30-processing of the viral DNA and the transesterification reaction. Because experimental structural information on the reaction intermediate is not available, several molecular models have been developed. Unfortuna...

A supercritical methanol transesterification method was applied to produce biodiesel from the high-acid oil of soybean soapstock. The fuel properties of biodiesel produced with various molar ratios of methanol to raw oil were analyzed and compared in this experimental study. Oleic acid (C18:1), linoleic acid (C18:2), and palmitic acid (C16:0) were the three main compounds in the high-acid oil-b...

The synthesis of fatty acid ethyl ester from chicken fat waste using ZnO/SiO2 heterogeneous catalyst was carried out using two-step procedures of acid pretreatment by esterification and transesterification of the pretreated oil. The first step reduces the high free fatty acid in the oil to an acceptable level for transesterification using concentrated sulphuric acid at a temperature of 60 oC du...

Sulphated zirconia, one of the most efficient solid acid catalysts, has been explored in present studies for transesterification reaction. The catalyst was synthesized by conventional precipitation method and characterized XRD, TGA, FTIR total acidity. exhibits excellent activity model triglyceride triacetin as well Jatropha oil with high selectivity towards formation monoalkyl esters. Influenc...

A method has been developed for the conversion of primary, secondary, and tertiary alcohols, and phenol, into the corresponding esters at room temperature. The method uses a titanium(III) species generated from a substoichiometric amount of titanocene dichloride together with manganese(0) as a reductant, as well as methylene diiodide. It involves a transesterification from an ethyl ester, or a ...

The choice is yours: a highly stereoselective synthesis of α-alkyl-α-hydroxy-β-amino esters is accomplished through a tandem Wittig-rearrangement/Mannich reaction sequence. Transformations of N-benzyl or N-Boc imines proceed with high selectivity for formation of syn-amino alcohol derivatives, whereas N-Boc-2-(phenylsulfonyl)amines generate anti-amino alcohol products. Auxiliary cleavage (trans...