what id basic in this article is that motivation is very important for managers to understand, since managers must channel people's motivation, so they will achieve personal and organizational goals, however, people's abilities and role perception are also important factors in how well they will perform. in this article we have followed the evolution path of the motivational theories ...

there are three main ideas about relation between creatures and god. one of them is the theory of separation, according to this theory there's not any homogeneity between creatures and god it means the essence and existence of creatures are completely inhomogeneity with god's essence and existence. the second is the theory of oneness, according to this theory creatures and god are uni...

The idea of coercive subtyping, a theory of abbreviation for dependent type theories, is incorporated into the polymorphic type system in functional programming languages. The traditional type system with let-polymorphism is extended with argument coercions and function coercions, and a corresponding type inference algorithm is presented and proved to be sound and complete.

This paper introduces the clinical experiences on acupuncture and moxibustion of Zhang Zhongjing, who was regarded as “medical Saint” of Traditional Chinese Medicine. He gave indications for acupuncture and moxibustion, developed robbing fire or inversing fire acupuncture principles to treat febrile diseases. His theories on acupuncture and moxibustion are precious and could be reference in cli...

Theories explaining why individuals participate in physical activity often do not take into account within-person variation or dynamic patterns of change. Time-intensive methods such as Ecological Momentary Assessment are more conducive to capturing time- and spatially-varying explanatory factors and intraindividual fluctuations than traditional methods and thus may yield new insights into the ...

To allow better models of emotions integrated into cognitive architecture, we propose a memory framework which supports both traditional cognitive processes as well as appraisal theories of emotion. This is a new approach in emotion representation that we argue allows for deeper integration of emotion and cognition as well as greater emotional expressivity.

Around the world, the use of plants with pharmacological properties is the main medical resource. This practice is known as Traditional Medicine (TM), Indigenous Medicine or Folk Medicine. According to WHO [1], TM includes knowledge, skills, and practices based on the theories, beliefs and experience proper of different situations, applied to the prevention, diagnosis, improvement or treatment ...

Traditional methods of training for international technology transfer require travelling, high amounts of human resources, time and money, and may not be affordable for many companies. By utilizing the learning theories, business process improvement theory and a case study method, this study presents a framework that facilitates training to technology recipients around the world, increases tech...

New research drawing on theories of selforganisation and trail formation in social insects suggests an alternative to traditional design processes in e-learning. This short paper provides an introduction to this promising area, describes results from initial experimentation with the techniques and suggests a number of topics for further research.

A natural procedure is introduced to replace the traditional, perturbatively generated counter terms to yield a formulation of covariant, self-interacting, nonrenormalizable scalar quantum field theories that has the added virtue of exhibiting a divergence-free perturbation analysis. To achieve this desirable goal it is necessary to reexamine the meaning of the free theory about which such a pe...