This paper examines the empirical relationship between trade and total factor productivity (TFP) in South Africa. Using data on actual trade protection across different manufacturing sectors, it is shown that trade liberalization had a positive impact on TFP growth during the 1990s. In addition, time-series evidence on macro data supports a positive long-run relationship between TFP and opennes...

In this study, a dynamically recursive general equilibrium model of Morocco is used to examine alternative trade and domestic policy scenarios involving the implementation of the EU Association Agreement for the period 1998-2012. The model has a detailed treatment of the agricultural and rural economy in Morocco. The results for the trade liberalization scenarios indicate that tariff unificatio...

This paper quantifies the effects of trade liberalization on local labor market outcomes and workers’ migration patterns. I extend the classic specific-factors model to examine the impact of national price changes on local labor markets. The model describes how tariff changes across industries affect wages in local labor markets within the liberalizing country. In particular, wages will fall in...

In a recent paper, three economists — Drusilla Brown, Alan Deardoff, and Robert Stern — attempt to calculate the benefits of trade liberalization. They estimate that complete elimination of all trade barriers in the world would add $1.9 trillion (about 5%) to the world's gross economic product by 2005 (Brown, Deardoff, and Stern 2001). Brown-Deardoff-Stern's numbers look convincing, leaving the...

This paper focuses on the post-war process of creation of a global trading system and integration of world trade. As the former came into being, multilateral trade liberalization became an on-going feature of the global economy facilitating international trade, consequently importance of international trade in the global economy increased dramatically. Since the mid-1980s, mindset of policy mak...

Th is paper analyses the nature and causes of the patterns of inequality and poverty in India. Since the economic liberalization in the early 1990s, the evidence suggests increasing inequality (in both spatial and vertical terms) as well as persistent poverty. Th e macroeconomic policies possibly responsible for these trends include—fi scal tightening, regressive tax policies and expenditure cu...

Trade openness and growth tend to be positively associated. Both crosscountry evidence and recent micro-econometric studies suggest this. However, cross-country comparisons leave many questions open. Apart from measurement problems with openness, causality is hard to establish. Recent micro-econometric evidence on the effects of trade reform sheds a clearer light on efficiency change and turnov...

4.1 Abstract We examine a crosscountry data set of 6 East Asian countries 1 for the period of 19802006 with the aim to study the interrelationship between trade liberalization and environmental degradation. On the basis of the parametric econometric model, we investigate trade liberalization’s impact on the environment quality 2 . We take two environmental indicators for analyses that are carbo...

BACKGROUND Computable general equilibrium models are known as a powerful instrument in economic analyses and widely have been used in order to evaluate trade liberalization effects. The purpose of this study was to provide the impacts of trade openness on pharmaceutical industry using CGE model. METHODS Using a computable general equilibrium model in this study, the effects of decrease in tar...