Gene duplication has emerged as an important process supporting the functional diversification of genes. Since publication of the seminal book Evolution by Gene Duplication by Ohno (1970), the hypothesis regarding the importance of gene duplication in the generation of evolutionary novelty has steadily gained support as we have entered the genome-sequencing era. It is through the link to functi...

This research project will present a qualitative and quantitative account of how Lloyds Bank emerged as the strongest UK bank in the 1990s -after being the weakest ten years earlier. Through a case study approach the research presents the genesis and performance of Lloyds Bank’s response to new growth opportunities. Through econometric analysis (i.e. an event study) the research evaluates the s...

BACKGROUND Gene duplication is a major driver of evolutionary innovation as it allows for an organism to elaborate its existing biological functions via specialization or diversification of initially redundant gene paralogs. Gene function can diversify in several ways. Transcription factor gene paralogs in particular, can diversify either by changes in their tissue-specific expression pattern o...

This paper elaborates on the concept of ‘corporate innovation system’ and examines a number of technology and management issues, judged by industry to be highly prominent, e.g. technology acquisition, technology diversification, internationalization of R&D, IP management and commercialization of new technologies, based on samples of corporations in Japan, Sweden and USA. These issues constitute...

Traditional approaches to corporate diversification are inadequate for understanding the role of corporation and strategy in the knowledge economy. This paper discusses (1) the need to construe corporate diversification in terms of knowledge-based relatedness and knowledge management capabilities of firms and (2) the role of IT for diversified firms. Knowledge-based relatedness captures related...

Despite the increasing scope for transactional approaches to corporate political activity (CPA) in emerging markets and rising concerns about the use of relational approaches, foreign firms in emerging economies appear to be reluctant to adopt transactional approaches to CPA. Using Resource Dependence theory we argue that criticality of resources, product diversification, integration with other...

Farm investment is required for productivity, efficiency and profitability, but the need-impact relationships are quite complex because of the uncertainties of weather, biological product, and markets. Problems arise because of investment and economic cycles, and are compounded by uncertainties over government fiscal and investment policy. This paper reviews Australian farm investment character...

Synthesis of the natural product calcaripeptide C derived from the fungal metabolite mycelium KF525 of Calcarisporium sp. has been achieved. This complementary approach avoids the use of a stoichiometric amount of chiral auxiliary reagents as commonly used to generate enantioenriched advanced precursors. The enantioselective synthesis of calcaripeptide C is remarkable in that using catalytic re...

This paper investigates effects of strategic choice on organizational performance for Romanian family-owned Small and Medium sized Enterprises (SMEs). Using adapted Jacquemin–Berry entropy index for both product and international diversification and using a regression model, our study discusses family involvement as a moderating factor for organizational performance assessment. We discovered th...

Nikkomycins and polyoxins are antifungal peptidylnucleoside antibiotics active against human and plant pathogens. Here we report that during peptidylnucleoside biosynthesis in Streptomyces cacaoi and S. tendae, the C5' extension of the nucleoside essential for downstream structural diversification is catalyzed by a conserved radical S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) enzyme, PolH or NikJ. This is di...