background: with respect to physical relations in force and pressure, we hypothesized that the prevalence of traumatic tympanic membrane perforation in patients with a patulous eustachian tube is greater than normal, because in eustachian tube patency, the internal air pressure of the middle ear will not increase after compression, subsequent to trauma. therefore the force upon the tympanic mem...

aluminum foams are a novel branch of advanced materials with superior properties. sandwich structures with aluminum foam core are good energy absorbers. in this paper, mechanical properties and energy absorption of aluminum foam sandwich panels subjected to quasi-static perforation tests with conical-nosed indenter were investigated experimentally. for this purpose sandwich panels consisting of...

nasogastric tube (ng) insertion is a usual technique in any neonatal intensive care unit. this procedure is undertaken for the children who are in need of invasive care. sometimes, the insertion of nasogastric tube in infants with esophagus friable anatomy tissues may have some dangerous side effect, but such problems are not very common. esophageal perforation is a rare but known complication ...

BACKGROUND Perforation of the colon occurring during or shortly following colonoscopy or barium enema is a rare complication of collagenous colitis (CC). "Spontaneous" perforation in CC, in which no instigating factor is identified, is even less common, with only five cases reported to date. We report herein an additional case of spontaneous perforation in previously undiagnosed CC and review t...

loon dilation is 0-14% (1-3). An esophageal perforation is classified into three types: a type I-intramural perforation; a type II-transmural perforation; and a type IIItransmural perforation with mediastinal leakage (4). Fasting, parenteral alimentation, and antibiotics are generally used to treat types-I and II esophageal perforations. However, a type III esophageal perforation showing progre...

Duodenal perforation in childhood is a rare condition with a high mortality rate if not treated surgically. Primary gastroduodenal perforation is frequently associated with peptic ulcer and exhibits a positive family history. Helicobacter pylorus is the most significant agent. Secondary gastroduodenal perforation may be a finding of specific diseases, such as Crohn disease, or more rarely may b...

Colonic perforation occurs in a variety of clinical scenarios and colonoscopy-associated perforation is one of the important reasons for colonic perforation. Colonoscopy-associated perforation may be diagnosed during colonoscopy procedure by the visualization of evident colonic wall defect or, after the completion of colonoscopy, by the visualization of leaked air in the peritoneal or retroperi...