Because of the importance of hydraulic architecture in understanding physiological differences between small and large trees, we tested the hypothesis that foliar δ13C increased with aboveground flow-path length in longleaf pine (Pinus palustris Mill.) trees of varying age and size at two sites in the lower Coastal Plain. This species offered a unique opportunity to examine variability in folia...

As angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition is accompanied by a marked decrease in glomerular protein loss, the hypothesis was tested that an increase of the glomerular transcapillary hydraulic pressure difference by exogenous angiotensin II would increase microalbuminuria in patients with insulin (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). Acute effects of increasing doses of a...

Predawn leaf water potential (LWP), the LWP between 09:00 and 10:30 h (termed minimum LWP), stem xylem hydraulic conductivity, foliar nitrogen, leaf gas exchange and leaf traits were measured on the same days in adults and 1-year-old to 7-year-old resprouts that had regrown after removing all the aboveground shoots. Height growth and accumulation of aboveground biomass quickly decreased with re...

Study patterns of flow in pipes with rough walls can be considered relevant, as the use of rough surfaces is a method of heat transfer. In the theoretical study of heat transfer processes in heat exchangers and devices used in various fields of technology, it is very important to know the basic laws of flow in rough pipes in turbulent regime. Flow patterns for rough pipes differs from the behav...

The most important goal of this study is to enhance our understanding of the crucial functional relationships that determine the behavior of the systemic circulation and its underlying physiological regulatory mechanisms with minimal modeling. To the present day, much has been said about the indirect hydraulic effects of right atrial pressure (PRA) via cardiac output (CO) on arterial pressure (...

Field studies of forest gravel-bed rivers in northwestern Washington and southeastern Alaska demonstrate that bed-surface grain size is responsive to hydraulic roughness caused by bank irregularities, bars, and wood debris. We evaluate textural response by comparing reach-average median grain size (D50) to that predicted from the total bank-full boundary shear stress (t0bf), representing a hypo...

piping sometimes is occurred due to seepage of water in hydraulic structures. the continuty of this phenomenon decreases the safety or caused the failure of a structure. in this work, experimental tests were carried out on statically compacted natural and randomly reinforced silt sandy soil samples. the randomly reinforced samples were prepared with different lengths and percentages of an artif...

In this study, variable injection-rate technology was numerically investigated in a pre-existing discrete fracture network (DFN) formation, the Tarim Basin in China. A flow-stressdamage (FSD) coupling model has been used in an initial attempt towards how reservoir response to variable injection-rates at different hydraulic fracturing stages. The established numerical model simultaneously consid...