BACKGROUND Very little prospective randomized experimental research exists on the use of simulation as a teaching method, and no studies have compared the two strategies of using the HPS and a CD-ROM. In addition, no researchers have investigated the effects of simulation on various levels of cognition, specifically lower-level and higher-level cognition or critical thinking. OBJECTIVES A pro...

OBJECTIVE Approximately 66-80%of graduate students experience statistics anxiety and some researchers propose that many students identify statistics courses as the most anxiety-inducing courses in their academic curriculums. As such, it is likely that statistics anxiety is, in part, responsible for many students delaying enrollment in these courses for as long as possible. This paper proposes a...

The challenges facing childhood immunization coverage, coupled with the dramatic resurgence of preventable diseases suggest that current strategies to ensure positive result in national immunization programmes in Nigeria needs to be examined. Immunization is one of the most cost-effective public health interventions to date, saving millions of lives and protecting countless children from illnes...

The impact of 3 different sources of stress--environmental, familial (e.g., low parental investment), and interpersonal (i.e., racial discrimination)--on the life history strategies (LHS) and associated cognitions of African American adolescents were examined over an 11-year period (5 waves, from age 10.5 to 21.5). Analyses indicated that each one of the sources of stress was associated with fa...

In many social sciurids, male territoriality confers significant mating advantages. We evaluated resident male paternity in Gunnison’s prairie dogs (Cynomys gunnisoni), a colonial ground-dwelling sciurid, where males and females cooperatively defend territories. Contrary to findings reported for other social sciurids, our results show that territorial resident males do not gain significant repr...

This article attends to recent discussions of validity in psychometric research on human life history strategy (LHS), provides a constructive critique of the extant literature, and describes strategies for improving construct validity. To place the psychometric study of human LHS on more solid ground, our review indicates that researchers should (a) use approaches to psychometric modeling that ...

Monolithic aluminum alloy parts are highly required in the aeronautical industry, but they show significant geometrical distortion after machining process. This work investigated attributed by initial residual stress of raw material and machining-induced during milling process, as well exploring effects toolpath strategy. Single-/multi-pocket were milled from 7050-T7451 blocks with different st...

A five-axis milling machine is widely used in the machining of products with complex surfaces and geometries. But there a problem quality machined surface efficiency. The inclination angle has significant impact on as parameter 5-axis milling. Based changes angles, it necessary to develop toolpath using CAM software. In this paper, incline method developed evaluate influence changing rate surfa...

We explore efficient optimization of toolpaths based on multiple criteria for large instances 3D printing problems. first show that the minimum turn cost problem is NP-hard, even when region a simple polygon. develop SFCDecomp, space filling curve decomposition framework to solve problems efficiently by solving these subproblems independently. For Buddha model, our builds over total 799,716 nod...