This paper investigates the buckling behavior of piezoelectric nanowires under distributed transverse loading, within the framework of the Timoshenko beam theory, and in the presence of surface effects. Analytical relations are given for the critical force of axial buckling of nanowires by accounting for the effects of surface elasticity, residual surface tension, and transverse shear deformati...

Brinson’s one-dimensional constitutive modeling for shape memory alloy (SMA) is extended to consider the asymmetric tensile and compressive behavior as well as the torsional behavior. The incremental finite element method using linear Timoshenko beam elements is formulated by the total Lagrangian approach for the superelastic, large deformation analysis of SMA helical springs. The NiTi helical ...

Abstract Compliant mechanisms (CMs) have presented its inherently advantageous properties due to the fact that CMs utilize elastic deformation of elementary flexible members transfer motion, force, and energy. Previously, classic Euler–Bernoulli beam theory is most used in terms modeling large deflections CMs. However, it has some assumptions may decrease accuracy, such as ignoring shear strain...