Ifenprodil is an allosteric inhibitor of GluN1/GluN2B N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors. Despite its widespread use as a prototype for drug development and a subtype-selective tool for physiologic experiments, its precise effect on GluN1/GluN2B gating is yet to be fully understood. Interestingly, recent crystallographic evidence identified that ifenprodil, unlike zinc, binds at the interface of th...

Power consumption has recently emerged as a first class design constraint in system LSI designs. Specially, leakage power has occupied a large part of the total power consumption. Therefore, reduction of leakage power is indispensable for efficient design of high-performance system LSIs. Since 2006, we have carried out a research project called “Innovative Power Control for Ultra Low-Power and ...

Two-dimensional (2D) breath-hold cine MRI is used to assess cardiac anatomy and function. However, this technique requires cooperation from the patient, and in some cases the scan planning is complicated. Isotropic nonangulated three-dimensional (3D) cardiac MR can overcome some of these problems because it requires minimal planning and can be reformatted in any plane. However, current methods,...

Flow cytometry datasets from clinical trials generate very large datasets and are usually highly standardized, focusing on endpoints that are well defined apriori. Staining variability of individual makers is not uncommon and complicates manual gating, requiring the analyst to adapt gates for each sample, which is unwieldy for large datasets. It can lead to unreliable measurements, especially i...

Attentional deficits are common in a variety of neuropsychiatric disorders including attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder, autism, bipolar mood disorder, and schizophrenia. There has been increasing interest in the neurodevelopmental components of these attentional deficits; neurodevelopmental meaning that while the deficits become clinically prominent in childhood or adulthood, the deficit...

Voltage-gated sodium channels activate in response to depolarization, but it is unknown whether the voltage-sensing arginines in their S4 segments pivot across the lipid bilayer as voltage sensor paddles or move through the protein in a gating pore. Here we report that mutation of pairs of arginine gating charges to glutamine induces cation permeation through a gating pore in domain II of the N...

Impairments in sensory gating in schizophrenia have been reflected by diminished suppression of the scalp-recorded middle latency auditory P50 event-related potential (MLAERP) elicited by the second (S(2)) of a pair (S(1)-S(2)) of clicks. As understanding the functional neural substrates of aberrant gating would have important implications for schizophrenia, this study examined the location and...

Although the tandem pore potassium channel TASK-3 is thought to open and shut at its selectivity filter in response to changes of extracellular pH, it is currently unknown whether the channel also shows gating at its inner, cytoplasmic mouth through movements of membrane helices M2 and M4. We used two electrode voltage clamp and single channel recording to show that TASK-3 responds to voltage i...

Calcium- and voltage-activated potassium channels (BK) are regulated by a multiplicity of signals. The prevailing view is that different BK gating mechanisms converge to determine channel opening and that these gating mechanisms are allosterically coupled. In most instances the pore forming α subunit of BK is associated with one of four alternative β subunits that appear to target specific gati...