After coating, the resist film contains a remaining solvent concentration depending on the resist, the solvent, the resist film thickness and the resist coating technique. The softbake reduces the remaining solvent content in order to: avoid mask contamination and/or sticking to the mask, prevent popping or foaming of the resist by N2 created during exposure, improve resist adhesion to the subs...

introduction: tooth avulsion is a real dental emergency. if immediate replantation is not performed, the avulsed tooth may be lost due to inflammatory or replacement resorption. this animal study aimed to evaluate the bone response to the titanium coating of the root surface as an artificial barrier, and prevention of resorption of avulsed teeth. methods and materials: this experimental study w...

nano-films consisting of an alternating sequence of positively and negatively charged polyelectrolyteshave been prepared by means of the electrostatic layer-by-layer sequential assembly technique on mildsteels. the mild steels were pretreated electrochemically to modify the mild steel surface. the modificationof the mild steel surface resulted in increasing the adhesion of the obtained nano-fil...

B16/F10 melanoma cells, in a medium containing fibrinogen, form a coating of fibrin(ogen) on their surfaces. This coating is cross-linked in a manner characteristic of catalysis by cellular transglutaminase. The fibrin(ogen) coating on the surface of these tumor cells provides protection against the lytic effect of autologous lymphokine-activated killer cells.

There are some arguments between the use of hydroxyapatite and porous coating. Some studies have shown that there is no difference between these two coatings in total hip arthroplasty (THA), while several other studies have shown that hydroxyapatite has advantages over the porous one. We have collected the studies in Pubmed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane library from the earliest possible y...

Particle coating using fluid bed technology such as Wurster chamber is a common process in pharmaceutical technology. Coatings are used to achieve variety of functions, such as: taste masking, controlled release, increase of stability and others. Coating uniformity is one of the most important parameters of coated particles and can play an important role in the release of the active ingredient ...

We present a simple mathematical model for the fluid flow in the curtain coating process, exploiting the small aspect ratio, and examine the model in the largeReynolds-number limit of industrial interest. We show that the fluid is in free fall except for a region close to the substrate, but find that the model can not describe the turning of the curtain onto the substrate. We find that the incl...

BACKGROUND The effects of tongue cleaning on reconstruction of bacterial flora in dental plaque and tongue coating itself are obscure. We assessed changes in the amounts of total bacteria as well as Fusobacterium nucleatum in tongue coating and dental plaque specimens obtained with and without tongue cleaning. METHODS We conducted a randomized examiner-blind crossover study using 30 volunteer...

Introduction: The calcium phosphate ceramics, in particular hydroxyapatite ( HA), has shown to be capable of conducting bone formation and forming a chemical bond to bone. Because of this osteoconductivity, HA ceramic has been applied in joint reconstruction in the form of coating on joint implants such as hip stems by plasma spraying technique. Direct bone apposition has been repeatedly demons...