Two-step thermal oxidation was proposed for Ti and Ti alloys as a surface-treatment process for preparing an anatase-containing TiO2 layer. This process consisted of treatment in a CO-containing atmosphere (first step) and subsequent treatment in air (second step). In this chapter, first, the current status of TiO2 coating onto Ti and Ti alloys for biomedical applications is reviewed; then our ...

In the context of this problem, we need to be very specific on choosing an uncovered sk, tk-path at each iteration. Fix a vertex r of G as the root of the tree. For each pair (si, ti), let LCA(si, ti) denote the least common ancestor of si and ti, which is the vertex at the intersection of the paths from si to r and from ti to r. Note that LCA(si, ti) could be si or ti. Let d(si, ti) denote the...

Introduction: A system of solar composition is so reducing that Ti and Ti can coexist, making the valence of Ti a valuable indicator of fO2 conditions during formation of nebular materials. The Ti/Ti ratios observed in the Ti-rich phases fassaite and rhönite in coarse-grained refractory inclusions from CV3 chondrites have been shown [1,2] to be quantitatively consistent with formation in a gas ...

The present research study was undertaken at poultry research unit of Agricultural University, Peshawar, Pakistan in June-July, 2010 to investigate the effect of different timings of supplementing medicinal plants (Berberis lycium, Allium stivum, Solanum nigrum and Terminalia arjuna) infusion on the liver function and lipid profile of broiler at day-42. 240 day-old boiler chickens were randomly...

introduction : removal of root filling materials is one of the key steps in success of root canal retreatment. the purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of h-file and protaper with or without chloroform in the removal of gutta-percha during retreatment of mandibular premolars. materials and methods: sixty mandibular premolars with one canal, and curvatures less than 30 degrees were...

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM The success of titanium implants is due to osseointegration or the direct contact of the implant surface and bone without a fibrous connective tissue interface. PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the osteoblast precursor response to titanium - 10 tantalum - 10 niobium (Ti-Ta-Nb) alloy and its sputtered coating. MATERIAL AND METHODS Ti-Ta-Nb coatings were ...

When used as additives, silicas strongly promoted the epoxidation of cyclooctene by (t)BuOOH in the presence of Ti-silsesquioxane (Ti-POSS), where Ti species were found to be bound to the silica surface. Based on this observation, highly-active silica-supported Ti catalysts were prepared by the thermal treatment of mixtures of Ti-POSS and silica.

we explore electro-catalytic properties of a system consisting of platinum and palladium nanoparticles dispersed over a nanotubular self-organized tio2 matrix. these electrodes prepared by electroess and microemulsion of palladium and palladium nanoparticles on to tio2 nanotubes, respectively. titanium oxide nanotubes were fabricated by anodizing titanium foil in ethylene glycol (eg) fluoride-c...