OBJECTIVE To determine the level of support, knowledge and perceptions of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) by Infectious Disease Specialists and Hospital Pharmacists in Spain. METHODS Cross-sectional study through an on-line 31-item survey (sociodemographical data, employment status/experience, knowledge of PrEP, use, identified barriers and economic issues). A univariate analysis was performe...

BACKGROUND Four clinical trials have shown that oral and topical pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) based on tenofovir may be effective in preventing HIV transmission. The expected reduction in HIV transmission and the projected prevalence of drug resistance due to PrEP use vary significantly across modeling studies as a result of the broad spectrum of assumptions employed. Our goal is to quantify...

Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) with anti-viral drugs is currently in clinical trials for the prevention of HIV infection. Induction of adaptive immune responses to virus exposures during anti-viral drug administration, i.e., a "chemo-vaccination" effect, could contribute to PrEP efficacy. To study possible chemo-vaccination, we monitored humoral and cellular immune responses in nine rhesus mac...

BACKGROUND Clinical trials have demonstrated the effectiveness of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for reducing HIV acquisition. Understanding how HIV care providers are prescribing PrEP is necessary to ensure success of this prevention strategy. METHODS During 2013-2014, we surveyed US HIV care providers who also provided care to HIV-negative patients. We es...

PURPOSE To develop an improved T2 prepared (T2 prep) balanced steady-state free-precession (bSSFP) sequence and signal relaxation curve fitting method for myocardial T2 mapping. METHODS Myocardial T2 mapping is commonly performed by acquisition of multiple T2 prep bSSFP images and estimating the voxel-wise T2 values using a two-parameter fit for relaxation. However, a two-parameter fit model ...

BACKGROUND Antiretroviral therapy (ART) and oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) are effective in reducing HIV transmission in heterosexual adults. The epidemiologic impact and cost-effectiveness of combined prevention approaches in resource-limited settings remain unclear. METHODS We develop a dynamic mathematical model of the HIV epidemic in South Africa's adult population. We assume ART re...

INTRODUCTION HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is not available on the National Health Service (NHS) in England. People are buying generic versions of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF)/emtricitabine (FTC) on the internet, which is legal under UK import laws. METHODS HIV-negative individuals attending our clinic who reported purchasing generic PrEP online were provided with risk-reduction ...

Background: New HIV infections occur at a disproportionately high rate among young men who have sex with men (YMSM). It is therefore essential that comprehensive HIV prevention strategies, specifically tailored to their needs and perceptions, are developed, tested, and disseminated. Antiretroviral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is effective in decreasing HIV transmission among MSM; however, ad...

BACKGROUND A recent clinical trial demonstrated that a daily dose tenofovir disoproxil fumarate and emtricitabrine (TDF-FTC) can reduce HIV acquisition among men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender (TG) women by 44%, and up to 90% if taken daily. We explored how medical and service providers understand research results and plan to develop clinical protocols to prescribe, support and mon...

BACKGROUND An international randomized clinical trial (RCT) on pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) as an human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-prevention intervention found that taken on a daily basis, PrEP was safe and effective among men who have sex with men (MSM) and male-to-female transgender women. Within the context of the HIV epidemic in the United States (US), MSM and transgender women are th...