sometimes there comes a pronoun after a common [individual], which has apparently been used as the object of a legal decision (ḥukm), and by means of external evidence, the certainty is achieved that this pronoun refers to some common individuals. then, the question arises as to whether reference of the pronoun to some common individuals would cause its designation or the common generality cont...

of Vienna is renowned for his 6,262 page System einer vollstandigen medicinischen Polizey. It has never been translated into English and this is the first extensive selection from it in translation. It is intended for the physician, medical historian, social worker, historian, sociologist, and cultural historian. Those of us who have tried to read Frank's German will be especially grateful to t...

Slides accompanying this material are available at http://clopinet.com/isabelle/ Projects/MLSS08/. We focus in the chapter on the problem of model selection. The rest of the topics covered in the class are developed in tutorials on feature selection (Guyon and Elisseeff, 2003; Guyon et al., 2006a) and causality (Guyon et al., 2007a; Guyon, 2008; Guyon et al., 2009a). Nowadays, there are many ma...

Scholars and intellectuals often fail to pay sufficient attention to the historical and political importance of conspiratorial politics, that is, real-world covert and clandestine activities. This is primarily because they rarely make an effort to distinguish conceptually between such activities, which are a regular if not omnipresent feature of national and international politics, and bogus ‘c...

The focus of research is how the values moral education contained in book Adabul'Alim wal Muta'allim fima Yahtaju ilaih al-Muta'allim KH Hasyim Asy'ari 's thinking world modern Islamic and also role development Indonesia. This type a literature study. Primary sources data come from al-Muta'allim. results first on al-Muta'allimt consist 8 chapters which can be classified into 3 important parts, ...

Iran is the cradle of literature, culture and ethics. Paying attention to ethics has always been considered by sages as an important necessity. There were also some poets who had the sociological look upon the society, in addition to relying on moral and social issues. Saadi is one of those poets whose works has overtaken others. He illuminates and deals with the roots of social problems like a...

some logicians as avicenna, khaja nasir al-din tusi, and dabiran katebi believe that denotation (dilala) is dependent on volition (irada), and as long as there is no volition, there is no denotation. some others like qutb al-din razi completely reject this idea and maintain that denotation merely depends on “knowledge of designation” (al-ilm bi al-wad’). some of methodologicians of jurisprudenc...