This study assessed smokers' beliefs about nicotine and the safety of nicotine medications and examined how these beliefs influence the use of nicotine medications. The data for this paper came from a nationally representative, random-digit-dialed telephone survey of 1,046 adults (18 years of age and older) current cigarette smokers conducted between May and September 2001. Respondents were que...

This article presents a model of oligopsony. It considers different conjectural variations that cover the whole range between extreme cases monopsony and perfect competition, such as Collusion, Threat, Cournot, Stackelberg, Bertrand, compares them in terms prices, quantities, profits, mark-down, price elasticity supply welfare. also impact minimum wages, under conjectures analyzed.

We examine how inputs for health production, in particular, medical care and health-enhancing time, are combined to improve health. The estimated elasticity of substitution from a constant elasticity of substitution production function is significantly less than one for the working-age population, rejecting the unit elasticity of substitution used in previous studies. Copyright © 2016 John Wile...

The purpose of this study was to compare large and small arterial elasticity in apparently healthy sedentary and recreationally active adult women, and to examine if age affects large and small arterial elasticity. This cross-sectional study consisted of 43 premenopausal women without overt cardiovascular disease (age = 43.4 ± 4.7 yrs; mean ± SD). The subjects were grouped into a sedentary grou...

BACKGROUND Emerging infectious diseases continue to pose serious threats to global public health. So far, however, few published study has addressed the need for manpower reallocation needed in hospitals when such a serious contagious outbreak occurs. AIM To quantify the demand elasticity of the major surgery types in order to guide future manpower reallocation during contagious outbreaks. ...

BACKGROUND Endothelial dysfunction is the earliest marker for age-related abnormalities in vascular function, and examination of endothelial function has important clinical relevance. The present study was performed to evaluate effects of aging on arterial elasticity by using pulse waveform analysis and to investigate whether the changes in arterial elasticity might be used as a noninvasive mea...

In this paper, a semi-analytic thermal stress computation for single crystals with cubic anisotropy is developed, by introducing a new anisotropic factor. Based on a suitable splitting of the differential operators, a convergence series for general elasticity problem with cubic anisotropy is derived. Each term of the series is related to an isotropic elasticity problem. Using the analytic solut...