Signals from the NWC ground-based very low frequency (VLF) transmitter can leak into magnetosphere and scatter trapped energetic electrons drift loss cones. Recent studies also suggest that cosmic ray albedo neutron decay (CRAND) is probably an important source for quasi-trapped in inner belt. To investigate their relative contributions, this study comprehensively analyzes long-term variations ...

The multiple signal classification (MUSIC) method and the wave distribution function (WDF) method are applied to the artificial VLF wave propagation from Khabarovsk through the magnetospheric duct to the conjugate point Ceduna (L = 1.8). The estimated arriving direction and the wave energy indicates that the location of the termination of the magnetospheric duct fluctuates related to the geomag...

In this paper, we consider variable-length coding over the memoryless binary asymmetric channel (BAC) with full noiseless feedback, including symmetric (BSC) as a special case. 2012, Naghshvar et al. introduced scheme, which refer to small-enough-difference (SED) scheme. For binary-input channels, deterministic feedback (VLF) code constructed SED scheme asymptotically achieves both capacity and...

Background: Orthostatic hypotension in diabetes patients is a sign of autonomic dysfunction. Heart rate variability (HRV) analysis is one of the methods for cardiac autonomic neuropathy assessment. The aim of this study was to assess blood pressure and HRV during 5 minute upright tilting in patients with type 1 diabetes. Methods: We studied 48 normotensive diabetes patients aged 18–28 years, wi...

In subjects with sinus rhythm, respiration has a profound effect on heart rate variability (HRV) at high frequencies (HF). Because this HF respiratory arrhythmia is lost in atrial fibrillation (AF), it has been assumed that respiration does not influence the ventricular response. However, previous investigations have not considered the possibility that respiration might influence HRV at lower f...

Timely remote activation of frequency response, provided by converter-based generation, can improve the damping very low-frequency (VLF) oscillations. The research presented is based on both power system models and actual data from phasor measurement units (PMU) Irish system. performance active control (APC) investigated, variations in wind speed, droop, time lag resource capacity demonstrate t...