germination is series of biochemical reactions that depends mainly on temperature and moisture. therefore, seed germination rate of lemon balm (mellissa officinalis l.) were evaluated in temperatures of 20, 23, 25,27, 30 and 32ºc and water potentials of 0, -0.2, -0.4, -0.6 and -0.8mpa. according to the results, germination temperature window was not very wide in a way that germination temperatu...

The problem treated here is to determinethe viscosity effect on stresses, temperature change and chemical potential in a circular plate. The mathematical formulation is applied to two theories of thermoelastic diffusion developed by Sherief et al. [27] with one relaxation time and Kumar and Kansal [9]with two relaxation times. Laplace and Hankel transform techniques are used to obtain the expre...

extended kalman filtering (ekf) is a nonlinear dynamic data reconciliation (nddr) method. one of its main advantages is its suitability for on-line applications. this paper presents an on-line nddr method using ekf. it is implemented for two case studies, temperature measurements of a distillation column and concentration measurements of a cstr. in each time step, random numbers with zero mean ...

We solve a problem of non-convex stochastic optimisation with help of simulated annealing of Lévy flights of a variable stability index. The search of the ground state of an unknown potential is non-local due to big jumps of the Levy flights process. The convergence to the ground state is fast due to a polynomial decrease rate of the temperature.

gas mixing in a t-shape micro mixer has been simulated using the direct simulation monte carlo (dsmc) method. it is considered that the adequate mixing occurs when the mass composition of the species, co or n2, deviates below 1 % from their equilibrium composition. the mixing coefficient is defined as the ratio of the mixing length to the main channel’s height. as the inlet kn increases, while ...

We calculate bubble-nucleation rates for (2+1)-dimensional scalar theories at high temperature. Our approach is based on the notion of a real coarse-grained potential. The region of applicability of our method is determined through internal consistency criteria. We compare our results with data from lattice simulations. Good agreement is observed when the renormalized action of the simulated th...

The adhesion of membranes is often governed by an interaction potential which exhibits a potential barrier at intermediate membrane separations. At low temperatures, the membranes are trapped by the barrier. As the temperature is increased, thermally-excited shape fluctuations act to reduce the strength of this barrier until the membranes undergo an unbinding transition. This transition is disc...

Agriculture of the inland arid region in Xinjiang depends on irrigation, which forms oasis of Northwest China. The production and water use of wheat, a dominant crop there, is significantly affected by undergoing climate variability and change. The objective of this study is to quantify inter-annual variability of wheat yield and water use from 1955 to 2006. The farming systems model APSIM (Agr...

The compressibility factor of nonassociated chain molecules composed of hard convex core Yukawa segments was derived with SAFT-VR and an extension of the Barker-Henderson perturbation theory for convex bodies. The temperature-dependent chain and dispersion compressibility factors were derived using the Yukawa potential. The effects of temperature, packing fraction, and segment number on the com...