This  qualitative  study  investigates  the  uses  of  be  in  Contemporary  English.  Based  on  this  study, one  easy  claim  and  one  more  difficult  claim  are  proposed.  The  easy  claim  is  that  the  traditional distinction between be as a lexical verb and be as an auxiliary is faulty. In particular, 'copular-be', traditionally considered to be a lexical verb, is in fact a prototypi...

To what extent are countability distinctions subject to systematic semantic variation? Could there be a language with no countability distinctions–in particular, one where all nouns are count? I argue that the answer is no: even in a languagewhere all NPs have the core morphosyntactic properties of English count NPs, such as combining with numerals directly and showing singular/plural distincti...

background:     purpose:     methods:     results:     conclusion:     key words:     pbl, lecture based method, education, frequent quizzes the variables such as changing the way of learning, using different methods in teaching, showing scientific films in class or, as a whole, active learning have significant effects on the results of final examination. the results showed that by changing the...

Philosophical discourse traditionally distinguishes between ontology and epistemology and generally enforces this distinction by keeping the two subject areas separated. However, the relationship between the two areas is of central importance to physics and philosophy of physics. For instance, many measurement-related problems force us to consider both our knowledge of the states and observable...

The act/omission distinction is widely thought of as being foundational importance in the substantive criminal law liberal states. While acts can be proper targets for offences, it that we should only exceptionally criminalise omissions. I argue against this piece orthodoxy by showing if are careful to fairly compare and omissions qua criminalisation, then none standard arguments favour convinc...

In Yaeyaman, a critically endangered Japonic language of the Southern Ryukyus, there is a distinction made between singular and plural wh-questions, with plurality indicated by reduplication of the indeterminate (wh) pronoun. I argue that reduplication of the indeterminate is triggered by a morpheme RED that requires the presence of non-atoms in the set of Hamblin alternatives denoted by its si...

Abstract According to Grice’s analysis, conversational implicatures are carried by the saying of what is said (Grice 1989: 39). In this paper, it argued that, whenever a speaker implicates content flouting one or several maxims, her implicature not only act and way it, but also non-saying should have been according would normal say in that particular context. Implicatures arise without maxim vi...