one of the main principles of resistance economy, is to support domestic production and limiting imports, especially in sectors where there is the possibility of import-substituting production .this requires adjustment of exact trade policies,and to achieve this, identifying the structure of imports demand function and also price and income elasticity of import demand is necessary.this necessit...

In many economies, commodity price volatility is one of the sources of signaling to market players. Different experiences of price shocks have led economists to reconsider price shocks. Considering the effects of monetary policy on the inflation rate, the present study investigates the impact of monetary policy shock on the price of storable food commodities. In this regard, data for 2006: 01 t...

The study attempts to find out the impact of buyback announcement on share price. Paired sample T-test is employed to compare share price before and after the buyback announcement. The analysis of variance is also used to find out whether there is any significant difference among industries in the price change due to buyback announcement. The study is carried out from 1st January 2005 to 31st D...

58. Sustainable development goes beyond a static framework of correcting environmental externalities , deficient markets and inadequate property rights. It is very much concerned with the availability of environmental and natural resources in the future. The problem may be particularly acute in developing countries that have high discount rates due to the scarcity of capital and prevalence of p...

This paper studies maximin paths in the context of a standard exhaustible resource model. Under the assumption that the resource is important in production, it establishes the efficiency and uniqueness of non-trivial maximin paths. It uses these results to study the nature of the maximin value and policy functions. The value function is shown to be differentiable with respect to the initial res...

The extensive adoption of uniform pricing for branded variants is a puzzling phenomenon considering that firms may improve profitability through price discrimination. In the paper, we incorporate consumers' concerns of price fairness into a model of price competition and show that uniform price for branded variants may emerge in equilibrium. Interestingly, we find that uniform pricing induced b...

Constant shadow prices indicate that gains in expected votes with respect to marginal shifts in transfers should be equal across jurisdictions. The ratio of the scalars (λ/μ) holds constant, while exhausting the budget, only if each party promises the same amount to any given jurisdiction (taj = tbj = Yj ∀ j). Voter consumption is thus identical under either party and implies tj = 0. By the tra...

oil seeds and crude vegetable oil are the raw materials used in vegetable oil producing industry. vegetable oil producing plants in iran are dependent on importing the material in a way that more than 90 percent of these materials are to be imported. soybean oil seed is the main oil seed utilized in the oil producing plants which is procured through importation from other countries. in the worl...

in this research the activity of 75 producers, 55 wholesalers and 55 retailers, citrus market of jahrom county was investigated. the results indicated that margin of wholesale, retail and total margin of citrus in this county was 1461.1, 1480.3, and 2941.4 rs respectively. share of producer from marginal price was estimated to be 57.9 percent and share of wholesaler was more than retailer. in t...

Abstract I n this paper, the behavior of the real oil price and OPEC and non-OPEC oil production during 1973-2013 are modelled. Interactions among OPEC, non-OPEC oil production, global oil consumption, and the real price of crude oil are estimated using a Structural VAR model (SVAR). After providing evidence for the structural breaks in oil price in 1996, the results indicate that, ac...