Foraging time may be constrained by a suite of phenomena including weather, which can restrict a species' activity and energy intake. This is recognized as pivotal for many species whose distributions are known to correlate with climate, including kangaroos, although such impacts are rarely quantified. We explore how differences in shade seeking, a thermoregulatory behavior, of 2 closely-relate...

In the heat, a positive body heat storage and the associated increase in core body temperature elicit the reflex physiological thermoregulatory mechanisms of sweating and cutaneous vasodilation in order to enhance heat dissipation. However under circumstances where these mechanisms cannot facilitate a sufficiently high rate of heat loss, core body temperature continually rises, and if left unch...

Urine osmolality was studied in 38 babies nursed in conventional incubators or cots and 18 nursed under an overhead radiant heat shield. Among 50 babies receiving a similar fluid intake in the first 48 hours of life mean urinary osmolality was significantly higher in the radiant heater group. In babies weighing less than 1500 g a trend towards higher urinary osmolalities was recorded in those n...

The most important meteorological parameter affecting the human energy balance during sunny weather conditions is the mean radiant temperature T(mrt). It considers the uniform temperature of a surrounding surface giving off blackbody radiation, which results in the same energy gain of a human body given the prevailing radiation fluxes. This energy gain usually varies considerably in open space ...

Effects of the menstrual cycle on heat loss and heat production (M) and core and skin temperature responses to cold were studied in six unacclimatized female nonsmokers (18-29 yr of age). Each woman, resting supine, was exposed to a cold transient (ambient temperature = mean radiant temperature = 20 to -5 degrees C at -0.32 degrees C/min, relative humidity = 50 +/- 2%, wind speed = 1 m/s) in th...

Decontamination and disposal processes for PCB wastes are reviewed. Processes are classed as incineration, chemical reaction or decontamination. Incineration technologies are not limited to the rigorous high temperature but include those where innovations in use of oxident, heat transfer and residue recycle are made. Chemical processes include the sodium processes, radiant energy processes and ...