Just‐In‐Time (JIT) production has received a great deal of attention, worldwide, since its introduction in Japan a few decades ago. It has been well documented that some of the main benefits of JIT implementation are reduction of inventories, lead‐time reduction, and cost savings. Most of the previous research on the impact of JIT on firm performance has either been anecdotal (one‐firm studies)...

It is the purpose of this paper to investigate the integrated cost minimizing strategy with supplier’s trade credits offer under fuzzy environment. Supplier permits the retailer a certain fixed period to settle the amount owed to him for the items supplied. Expressions for average integrated inventory cost in fuzzy sense are derived Signed Distance Method is used to defuzzified total fuzzy cost...

We consider the cost of meeting emissions reduction targets consistent with a G8 proposal of a 50 percent global reduction in emissions by 2050, and an Obama Administration proposal of an 80 percent reduction over this period. We apply the MIT Emissions Prediction and Policy Analysis (EPPA), modeling these two policy scenarios if met by applying a national cap-and-trade system, and compare resu...

a r t i c l e i n f o JEL classification: C02 M11 C44 C61 Keywords: Multi-item production system Rotation cycle time Multi-delivery Economic production quantity model Scrap Vendor–buyer integrated system This paper addresses the joint determination of a rotation cycle time and number of shipments for a multi-item economic production quantity (EPQ) model with random defective rate. The classic E...

We model an isolated portion of a competitive supply chain as a M/M/1 make-tostock queue. The retailer carries finished goods inventory to service a Poisson demand process, and specifies a policy for replenishing his inventory from an upstream supplier. The supplier chooses the service rate, i.e., capacity, of his manufacturing facility, which behaves as a single-server queue with exponential s...

  This article investigates integrated production-inventory models with backorder. A single supplier and a single buyer are considered and shortage as backorder is allowed for the buyer. The proposed models determine optimal order quantity, optimal backorder quantity and optimal number of deliveries on the joint total cost for both buyer and supplier. Two cases are discussed: single-setup-singl...

In this paper, an incentive scheme based on crashing lead time is proposed to coordinate a supplier-retailer supply chain (SC). In the investigated SC, the supplier applies a lot-for-lot replenishment policy to replenish its stock and determines the replenishment multiplier. Moreover, the transportation lead time is considered under the control of the supplier. The retailer as downstream member...

The cost-effectiveness of unilateral emission abatement can be seriously hampered by emission leakage. We assess three widely-discussed proposals for leakage reduction targeted at energyintensive and trade-exposed industries: border tax adjustments, output-based allocation and industry exemptions. We find that none of these measures amounts to a “magic bullet” when both efficiency and equity cr...

This study develops an optimal pricing and replenishment policy in an arborescent (tree-like) supply chain system. Since it benefits the up-streams more than the down-streams when a producer, a distributor and multiple retailers are integrated, a pricing strategy with price reduction is derived to entice the down-streams to accept the incentive system with minimum total cost. Negotiation factor...