abstract: after the collapse of the soviet :union:, and the geopolitical changes in the region, which caused emergence of four new states, the outlook to the caspian sea and it's issues have changed. dealing with numerouse oil contracts with multinational companies and the entrance of transnational states and organizations, aggrevated the political and economic competitions and increased t...

The predatory cladoceran Cercopagis pengoi has extended its range over the past decade from the Ponto-Caspian basin into the Baltic Sea and the Laurentian Great Lakes. This study employs mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequence analysis to elucidate the invasion corridors exploited during this range expansion. The Caspian and Black Sea populations of C. pengoi exhibit marked genetic divergence, enabl...

Estimating the amount of variation due to spatial dependence at different scales provides a basis for designing effective experiments. Accurate knowledge of spatial structures is needed to inform silvicultural guidelines and management decisions for long term sustainability of forests. Furthermore, geostatistics is a useful tool to describe and draw map the spatial variability and estimation o...

The article analyzes the pragmatic and textological traditions of ritual for “neutralizing evil words” in tantric folk forms Kalmykia. popularity past present justifies focus on this aspect. study aims to analyze structure content texts used performing practicing its popular forms. It employs comparative-historical methods based principles historicism objectivity. is a traditional practice that...

increasing urbanisation and industrialisation have led to a dramatic reduction in forest area, and now only culturally protected remnants of natural forests and some new plantations remain in most areas of the north of iran. to investigate the status of the chemical and physical characteristics of soil under these remnant forests and assess the possible impacts of reforestation on soil properti...

Aim Impacts of invasive species may vary across invasion gradients, owing to trait-based sorting of individuals through dispersal: those aggregating at invasion fronts may be more aggressive and voracious. We examine, in the field and laboratory, variation in the predatory impacts of an invasive Ponto-Caspian crustacean Hemimysis anomala G.O. Sars, 1907 at two sites along a spatiotemporal gradi...

  The stocks of Caspian roach ( Rutilus rutilus ), an economically important species in the Caspian Sea, is depleting. Annually, millions of fingerlings of these species are produced artificially and restock in the mouth of Qare Soo River in the Southern Caspian Sea, where they exposed to the pesticides coming from rice and orchard farms in the region. The fate of this exposure in hypo-osm...

estimating the amount of variation due to spatial dependence at different scales provides a basis for designing effective experiments. accurate knowledge of spatial structures is needed to inform silvicultural guidelines and management decisions for long term sustainability of forests. furthermore, geostatistics is a useful tool to describe and draw map the spatial variability and estimation of...