Percutaneous pulmonary valve implantation (PPVI) is now an accepted alternative option to conventional surgery for patients with dysfunctional conduits between the right ventricle and pulmonary artery. PPVI will reduce the total number of repeat operations in such patients. However, surgery remains the primary option in postoperative tetralogy of Fallot patients with severe pulmonary regurgitat...

IN RECENT YEARS the morphological features of the major portions of the atrioventricular (A-V) conduction system of human hearts that were afflicted with various congenital anomalies have been described.1-6 These reports have contrasted the anatomy of the A-V conduction system in examples of ventricular septal defect (VSD) and tetralogy of Fallot with that configuration found in defects of the ...

OBJECTIVE To validate the accuracy of the prognostic significance of non-invasive clinical diagnostic indices as predictors of sustained ventricular tachycardia (sVT) or fibrillation (VF) in patients undergoing repair for tetralogy of Fallot. METHODS One way analysis of variance and pairwise comparison of the values with the Bonferroni correction, logistic multivariate analysis, and ordinal l...

Absent pulmonic valve (APV) in tetralogy of Fallot produces a pulmonic regurgitation murmur (PRM) which is usually late in onset after A2, low pitched, and of crescendo-decrescendo character. We have seen three adult patients with tetralogy of Fallot with APV and have done intracardiac sound and pressure studies in two. The PRM was loudest in the RV outflow tract (RVOT), where the onset was ear...

Anomalous pulmonary venous connections were found in seven (0.6%) of 1183 patients with tetralogy of Fallot. Three patients had totally anomalous connections (one supracardiac, one direct to coronary sinus, and one mixed supracardiac and infracardiac) and four patients had partially anomalous pulmonary venous connections. All patients presented with the clinical features of tetralogy of Fallot....

BACKGROUND Public-health guidelines recommend patients with congenital heart disease to exercise. Studies have shown that patients with congenital heart disease can improve physical exercise capacity. The effect of training on regional ventricular performance has hardly been studied. We performed a pilot study to assess whether an exercise training program would result in adverse changes of reg...

The advantages of angled angiographic projections are demonstrated in a review of 55 cases of tetralogy of Fallot. Particular attention was paid to the origins of the branch pulmonary arteries, whose diameter was measured and compared with that of the descending aorta, showing that in 12 per cent there was narrowing to below 40 per cent of descending aortic diameter. Right aortic arch was prese...

Since Blalock published his first report on the surgical treat ment of pulmonary stenosis, we became greatly interested in this subject. While performing an necropsy on a ten year old child who had tetralogy we found an abnormal vessel which connected the left subclavian and left pulmonary arteries (Fig. 1); this vessel had a very small lumen and evidently was unable to supply enough oxygenated...

Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is commonly identified cyanotic congenital cardiac anomaly; however, its affiliation with dextrocardia and situs inversus very rare. We describe a case associated TOF in 23-year old girl who arrived central shunt at the age 17 years later for total surgical correction magnificent outcomes.