Monitoring one's knowledge during study is susceptible to a foresight bias (Koriat and Bjork, 2005). Judgments of learning (JOLs) are inflated whenever information that is present at study and absent, but solicited, at test, such as the targets in cue-target paired associates, highlights aspects of cues that are less apparent when those cues are presented alone. The present findings demonstrate...

This paper experimentally investigates the acoustic properties of an orifice with bias flow under medium and high sound level excitation. The test included no bias flow and two bias speeds for three different frequencies. Experimental results are compared and discussed with theory. It is shown that bias flow makes the acoustic properties much more complex compared theory and with the no bias fl...

In real-world classification problems, the class balance in the training dataset does not necessarily reflect that of the test dataset, which can cause significant estimation bias. If the class ratio of the test dataset is known, instance re-weighting or resampling allows systematical bias correction. However, learning the class ratio of the test dataset is challenging when no labeled data is a...

In our recent academic experiments, an existence of positive test bias, that is lack of negative test cases, was identified when a test driven development approach was used. At the same time, when defect detecting ability of individual test cases was calculated, it was noted that the probability of a negative test case to detect a defect was substantially higher than that of a positive test cas...

runoff estimation resulted from precipitation is the basis of more study in various develop and exploit design from water resource, then its measure and calculation due to environmental bottlenecks, always have a plenty problem. as a result of the importance of output runoff estimation and flood volume in watershed for the sake of country integrated watershed management in this study tried to 9...

In two experiments on the choice of consumer goods, the estimated marginal willingness to pay for food are found to be lower in the survey version with cheap talk. Our test can be seen as a test of hypothetical bias. This implies we cannot reject the hypothesis of a hypothetical bias for marginal WTP in choice experiments. JEL classification: C91, Q13

This paper shows that when a classifier is evaluated with nonrandom test data, ROC curves differ from the ROC curves that would be obtained with a random sample. To address this bias, this paper introduces a procedure for plotting ROC curves that are inferred from nonrandom test data. I provide simulations and an example with wine data to illustrate the procedure as well as the magnitude of bia...

A key requirement in the design of diagnostic accuracy studies is that all study participants receive both the test under evaluation and the reference standard test. For a variety of practical and ethical reasons, sometimes only a proportion of patients receive the reference standard, which can bias the accuracy estimates. Numerous methods have been described for correcting this partial verific...

In this paper we provide a new methodology to analyze the (Gaussian) profile quasi likelihood function for panel regression models with interactive fixed effects, also called factor models. The number of factors is assumed to be known. Employing the perturbation theory of linear operators, we derive a power series expansion of the likelihood function in the regression parameters. Using this exp...