Although azithromycin is extensively used in the treatment of respiratory tract infections as well as skin and skin-related infections, pharmacokinetics of azithromycin in extracellular space fluid of soft tissues, i.e., one of its therapeutic target sites, are not yet fully elucidated. In this study, azithromycin concentration-time profiles in extracellular space of muscle and subcutaneous adi...

There are few case reports of infections caused by Brevibacterium species, and there have been no previously reported cases of endocarditis caused by any of the 6 known species of Brevibacterium. We report the first case of Brevibacterium endocarditis (caused by Brevibacterium otitidis) in a patient with prosthetic heart valves. The patient responded to 6 weeks of treatment with vancomycin and ...

We report the first case in France of a high-level azithromycin-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae (minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) = 96 mg/L) assigned to MLST7363 (NG-MAST ST6360), also resistant to ciprofloxacin and tetracycline but susceptible to ceftriaxone. The patient was a 51 year-old heterosexual man who returned following 1g azithromycin monotherapy. Mechanisms of azithromycin resi...

BACKGROUND Azithromycin has become a frequent choice for the treatment of group A streptococcal (GAS) tonsillopharyngitis. In this study, our objective was to determine the optimal dose of azithromycin for treatment of GAS tonsillopharyngitis in children and adults by analyzing trials that used different dose regimens. METHODS We performed a meta-analysis of randomized, controlled trials that...

The ketolide telithromycin (Ketek, Sanofi Aventis) has been found to be more effective than the macrolide azithromycin (Zithromax, Pfizer) in eradicating Streptococcus pneumoniae from the nasopharynges of patients with acute maxillary sinusitis. Furthermore, the emergence of antimicrobial resistance following therapy occurs only with azithromycin. The growing resistance of S. pneumoniae to peni...

The elastic properties of membrane bilayers are key parameters that control its deformation and can be affected by pharmacological agents. Our previous atomic force microscopy studies revealed that the macrolide antibiotic, azithromycin, leads to erosion of DPPC domains in a fluid DOPC matrix [A. Berquand, M. P. Mingeot-Leclercq, Y. F. Dufrene, Real-time imaging of drug-membrane interactions by...

PURPOSE World Health Organization guidelines for antibiotic treatment of trachoma currently include a 6-week course of tetracycline eye ointment twice daily or a single dose of oral azithromycin. Previous trials have shown similar efficacy of these two alternatives when administration of the ointment was carefully supervised. It is believed, however, that azithromycin may be a more effective tr...

A single dose of a novel formulation of azithromycin microspheres (Pfizer) has proved to be as effective as a seven-day course of levofloxacin (Levaquin®, Ortho-McNeil) for the treatment of an acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis (AECB). This advance has made it possible to administer an entire regimen as a single oral dose while maintaining tolerability and efficacy. In a multicenter, rand...

BACKGROUND Mass azithromycin distributions are used to clear ocular strains of chlamydia that cause trachoma, but treatments may also affect respiratory infections, diarrhea, and malaria. Here, we monitor a large cohort in which almost 90% of individuals received azithromycin. We assess whether receiving treatment is associated with reduced all-cause and infectious childhood mortality. METHOD...

The economic impacts in terms of cost and effectiveness (speed of resolution of symptoms) of 3- and 5-day courses of azithromycin and a 10-day course of roxithromycin were compared in a randomized, open study in patients with symptoms suggestive of beta-haemolytic streptococcal pharyngitis. Direct medical costs and absence from work were recorded and symptom scores and compliance were used to a...