The tad locus of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans encodes a molecular transport system required for tenacious, nonspecific adherence to surfaces and formation of extremely strong biofilms. This locus is dedicated to the biogenesis of Flp pili, which are required for colonization and virulence. We have previously shown that 11 of the 14 tad locus genes are required for adherence and Flp pilu...

Perfumes are manufactured by mixing odorous materials with different volatilities. The parameter that measures the lasting property of a material when applied on the skin is called substantivity or tenacity. It is well known by perfumers that citrus and green notes are perceived as fresh and they tend to evaporate quickly, while odors most dissimilar to 'fresh' (e.g., oriental, powdery, erogeni...

background: tick and tenacious secretions is one of the problems in suctioning and the instillation of normal saline in airways is one of the ways for removing pulmonary secretions. the aim of this study was to determine the effect of endotracheal suctioning using or not using normal saline on respiratory physiologic parameters in open heart surgery patients. methods: this study was a one-group...

BACKGROUND Empirical evidence abounds showing the impact of perceived control on subjective well-being in several spheres of functioning, including academic performance. At tertiary institutions, such as the Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Ghana, little is known about the needs of students with disabilities, as very few persons with disabilities attend institutions of higher...

Irredentism conflicts are ravaging human lives across the globe. These co@icts arise not only from the aggressive abrogation of settled boundaries, but from real pressures to accommodate population growth, migration, changes in solidarity patterns, and increased political mobilization. Any intellectually interesting criterion for evaluating claims to territories must be formulated without ascri...

The emergence and abundance of cooperation in nature poses a tenacious and challenging puzzle to evolutionary biology. Cooperative behaviour seems to contradict Darwinian evolution because altruistic individuals increase the fitness of other members of the population at a cost to themselves. Thus, in the absence of supporting mechanisms, cooperation should decrease and vanish, as predicted by c...

The interaction between SA (streptavidin) and biotin is one of the strongest non-covalent interactions in Nature. SA is a widely used tool and a paradigm for protein-ligand interactions. We previously developed a SA mutant, termed Tr (traptavidin), possessing a 10-fold lower off-rate for biotin, with increased mechanical and thermal stability. In the present study, we determined the crystal str...

Radio sources have traditionally provided convenient beacons for probing the early Universe. Hy Spinrad was among the first of the tenacious breed of observers who would attempt to obtain optical identifications and spectra of the faintest possible ‘radio galaxies’ to investigate the formation and evolution of galaxies at hy redshift. Modern telescopes and instruments have made these tasks much...

As an invited contributor to this Festschrift honoring Alain Colmerauer, I feel compelled to give not only an account of his main research contributions, but also of my perspective on the motivations behind them. I hope that this will provide the reader with a glimpse of how a focused, tenacious, rigorous, and inventive mind like Alain’s picks research problems and proceeds to solve them. The h...

Primary infection of the vulva, vagina and urethra with B. Coli is not common, but cases do occur which give rise to a suspicion of gonococcal infection. The commonest type is the vulvo-vaginitis of young girls; this is limited to the external genitals, and does not involve the vagina above the hymen and rarely the urethra. The initial lesion is usually caused by trauma, either by the rubbing o...