nowadays, with the development of human societies and more mastery over the environment, to environmental changes caused by the faster and wider than before the occurrence of the joins. so having the necessary information about these changes and to manage the natural order is essential to sustainable ecosystems, metrics of landscape is tools landscape situation are few mechanisms that cause the...

examining the universities postgraduate landscape architecture table in iran, indicates the increasing growth in the establishment of this major course in most universities nationwide, since almost 10 years from the beginning of the first academic course of this major in the shahid beheshti university (sbu). as a result, every year the number of graduated entering the market is increasing in th...

Tarsorrhaphy is used for the treatment of severe ocular surface disorders and for damage from ocular exposure. The temporary tarsorrhaphy has been shown to aid in the healing of corneal epithelial defects. A variety of temporary techniques have been suggested that allow eyelid closure not only to enable epithelial healing but also to allow access to the eye. We describe a temporary eyelid closu...

Temporary tinnitus is a common consequence of noise exposure, and may share important mechanisms with chronic tinnitus. Noise-induced hearing loss is the most prevalent cause of chronic tinnitus. The reversibility of temporary tinnitus offers some practical experimental advantages. We therefore adapted a behavioral method based on gap detection to measure temporary tinnitus following brief acou...

The Epistemic Objection says that certain theories of time (like the “growing block” and “moving spotlight”) imply that it is impossible to know which time is absolutely present. Standard presentations of the Epistemic Objection are elliptical—and some of the most natural premises one might fill in to complete the argument end up leading to radical skepticism. But there is a way of filling in t...

In the previous work dealing with naturally occurring trypsin inhibitors it has been generally assumed or at least implied that as long as the inhibitor is capable of reacting with trypsin the inhibitor is resistant to tryptic digestion. In the present paper a system is described in which trypsin is first inactivated by the inhibitor and then released, owing to the digestion of the inhibitor. T...

what to look for in abbas abad pool? a lake in middle of the forest on the mountain heights with an encircled building with waters and a garden ashore? why are the trees cut and used to build a garden? and what is the purpose of placing a lake on a dominant and deep valley over the khazar sea. today, green trees are grown in abbas abad garden and no sign of landscaping or water features can be ...

How to manage forest for biodiversity conservation is an ongoing debate. We argue that maximizing in managed landscapes requires a diversity of management regimes space and time. This will generate high levels habitat heterogeneity at landscape scale, which turn support various groups species. Based on concepts from ecology, we formulate five hypotheses how diversity, i.e. combining approaches ...