NOLLEN, PAUL M., AND NADAKAVTIUREN, MATHEW J. 1974. Megalodiscus ternperatus: .Scanning Electron Microscopy of the tegumental surfaces. Experimental Parasitology 36, 123-130. The tegumental surface of Megalodiscus temperatus forms cobblestonelike areas with rows of indentations encircling the worm. This pattern merges in several areas into folds and ridges, some of which represent the musculatu...

The objective of this research was to develop an appropriate tetrazolium methodology for viability and vigor evaluation of squash seeds. The following procedures were tested for preconditioning of the seeds: moistening in wet paper towel for 16 to 24h at 25°C; immersion in water for 15, 30 and 60 minutes at 40°C for tegument removal, and for 30 and 60 minutes for removal of the embryo surroundi...

Primary envelopment of several herpesviruses has been shown to occur by budding of intranuclear capsids through the inner nuclear membrane. By subsequent fusion of the primary envelope with the outer nuclear membrane, capsids are released into the cytoplasm and gain their final envelope by budding into vesicles in the trans-Golgi area. We show here that the product of the UL34 gene of pseudorab...

UL16 is a tegument protein of herpes simplex virus (HSV) that is conserved among all members of the Herpesviridae, but its function is poorly understood. Previous studies revealed that UL16 is associated with capsids in the cytoplasm and interacts with the membrane protein UL11, which suggested a "bridging" function during cytoplasmic envelopment, but this conjecture has not been tested. To gai...

INTRODUCTION: Schistosomiasis, a parasitic disease caused by trematode flatworms of the genus Schistosoma, affects more than 200 million people worldwide, and its control is dependent on a single drug, praziquantel. Here, we report the in vitro effect of rotundifolone, a monoterpene isolated from Mentha x villosa (Lamiaceae), on Schistosoma mansoni adult worms. METHODS: The in vitro effect of...

Annexins belong to an evolutionarily conserved multigene family of proteins expressed throughout the animal and plant kingdoms. Although they are soluble cytosolic proteins that lack signal sequences, they have also been detected in extracellular fluids and have been associated with cell surface membranes, where they could be involved in anti-haemostatic and anti-inflammatory functions. Schisto...

Viruses remodel the host cell to optimize their replication both by delivery of virion proteins into the cell and by de novo expression of viral proteins. The HSV particle contains several proteins that function to prepare the host cell for viral replication, including the VP16 transcriptional activator protein and virion host shutoff protein. HSV infection activates NF-kappaB pathways through ...

Herpesvirus particles consist of four morphologically distinct structures, the core, capsid, tegument, and envelope. The inner nucleoprotein core comprising the linear double-stranded DNA genome is included in an icosahedral (T 16) capsid shell of 150 hexons and 12 pentons. The capsid is surrounded by a layer of proteinaceous material designated the tegument which, in turn, is enclosed in an en...

Tegument proteins of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) are hypothesized to contain the functional information required for the budding or envelopment process proposed to occur at cytoplasmic compartments of the host cell. One of the most abundant tegument proteins of HSV-1 is the U(L)49 gene product, VP22, a 38-kDa protein of unknown function. To study its subcellular localization, a VP22-gre...