An in vitro, batch incubator (Daisy(II)) was used to simplify the 3-step, in vitro procedure (TSP) to reduce the cost and labor involved in the determination of intestinal digestion of proteins. Four tests were conducted to study the effects of the type of pepsin (P-7012 and P-7000; Sigma, St. Louis, MO), the type of bags used for the incubation of samples (R510 and F57; Ankom Technology, Fairp...

In this paper we study the expressive power of query languages for nested bags. We deene the ambient bag language by generalizing the constructs of the relational language of Breazu-Tannen, Buneman and Wong, which is known to have precisely the power of the nested relational algebra. Relative strength of additional polynomial constructs is studied, and the ambient language endowed with the stro...

[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to provide information to help maintain correct posture by identifying gait changes caused by the habits and methods of carrying bags. [Method] The subjects were 34 healthy right-handed women. Among them, 18 subjects had the habit of carrying bags on their right side, and 16 subjects had the habit of carrying bags on their left side. The subjects were ins...

This paper describes a study where a new X-ray machine for security screening featuring motion imaging (i.e., 5 views of a bag are shown as an image sequence) was evaluated and compared to single view imaging available on conventional X-ray screening systems. More specifically, it was investigated whether with this new technology X-ray screening of passenger bags could be enhanced to such an ex...

The goal of this paper is to study tractable iteration mechanisms for bags. The presence of duplicates in bags prevents iteration mechanisms developed in the context of sets to be directly applied to bags without losing tractability. We study two constructs for controlling tractability of iteration over bags. The deeationary xpoint construct keeps removing elements from a bag until a xpoint is ...

We explore the implications of supporting bags (i.e. multisets) in a data model and associated query language, and present some formal results concerned with the algebraic properties of bags. We extend previous work to provide a formal basis for query optimization and for defining the appropriate semantics for bag operations in data models supporting ba.gs.

The Robin Hood game is played as follows: On day i, the Sheriff puts s(i) bags of gold in the cave. On night i, Robin removes r(i) bags from the cave. The game is played for each i ∈ N. Robin wins if each bag which was put in the cave is eventually removed from it; otherwise the Sheriff wins. Gasarch, Golub, and Srinivasan studied the Robin Hood game in the case of random strategies where Robin...

The number of red grouse (Lagopus lagopus scoticus) shot in the UK has declined by 50% during the 20th century This decline has coincided with reductions in the area of suitable habitat and recoveries in the populations of some avian predators. Here we use long-term records of shooting bags and a large-scale manipulation of raptor density to disentangle the effects of habitat loss and raptor pr...

OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to investigate the temperature profile of home intravenous (iv) antibiotic reservoirs and the stability of 16 megaunits of benzylpenicillin sodium in 120 mL of sodium chloride 0.9% at constant and variable temperatures. METHODS A Tinytag computerized thermometer recorded temperatures every minute in the home iv antibiotic reservoir pouches of nine patients...