Recently, we reported a pH-responsive nanoparticle (NP) system shelled with chitosan (CS), which could effectively increase the oral absorption of insulin and produce a hypoglycemic effect, presumably due to the CS-mediated tight junction (TJ) opening. It has been often questioned whether CS can also enhance the absorption of endotoxins present in the small intestine. To address this concern, w...

The semi-refined polysaccharide of Pseudostellaria heterophylla is a complex polysaccharide that exhibits significantly hypoglycemic activities. A novel homogeneous polysaccharide, named as H-1-2, was isolated from the semi-refined polysaccharide. The mean molecular weight of H-1-2 was 1.4 × 10⁴ Da and it was only composed of d-glucose monosaccharide. Structure elucidation indicated that H-1-2 ...

Regulatory T cells (Tregs) were identified several years ago and are key in controlling autoimmune diseases and limiting immune responses to foreign antigens, including alloantigens. In vivo imaging techniques including intravital microscopy as well as whole body imaging using bioluminescence probes have contributed to the understanding of in vivo Treg function, their mechanisms of action and t...

Patients undergoing partial thyroidectomy for benign diseases may need re-operation if differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) is detected on histopathology. The aim of this study was to determine if using gamma probe during the above surgery in a procedure called: gamma probe completion thyroidectomy (GPCT) could support the diagnosis of DTC tissue and offer an advantage in the surgical treatme...

SCINTIGRAPHIC VISUALIZATION OF ABDOMINAL LYMPH NODES WITH 99mTc-PERTECHNETATE-LABELED SULFUR COLLOID Virgil F. Fairbanks, W. Newlon Tauxe, Joseph M. Kiely, and W. Eugene Miller 185 EFFECT OF LINE SPACING AND RATEMETER AVERAGING ON LESION DETECTION L. G. Knowles, E. F. Hart, and A. G. Schulz 191 CLINICAL EVALUATION OF °TGa-CITRATE SCANNING T. Higasi, Y. Nakayama, A. Murata, K. Nakamura, M. Sugi...

OBJECTIVE In the preparation of radiopharmaceuticals, staff receive considerable radiation exposure to the hands during withdrawal of activity from the elution vial, from a combination of the syringe and elution vial activities. In an attempt to reduce the radiation burden to the hands, a simple technique was developed that utilizes a modified lead pot lid and a syringe bearing a long needle wi...

When Tc-99m-sulfur colloid was introduced as an ideal liver-spleen agent in nuclear medicine, many other types of colloids followed by different manufacturers. They hoped to find a suitable colloidal agent, contrary to sulfur colloid, which is easy to use, and less sensitive to the low contamination of aluminum ions. One of this type of colloid agents, is Tc-99-tin-colloid which is prepar...