It is substantiated that particular features of pragmatics are teachable, and instruction is both necessary and effective. Determining what kind of intervention is most effectual for facilitating learners’ pragmatic development has been a central issue for researchers. To respond to the inconclusive findings in intervention studies and to extend the instructional studies in L2 pragmatics to les...

We discuss a framework for teaching contrastive translation-oriented linguistics to students of machine translation. The framework embodies a classification of crosslinguistic differences and a demonstration of how the neutralization of such differences in abstract representations can make transfer modules simpler. We illustrate by means of examples from a range of languages, and then discuss a...