tele.ring is a mobile phone organization selling contracts and cell phones in the Austrian market. The market situation in 2005 was highly competitive and dynamic resulting in relatively short tariff life cycles. Excessively long lead times made tele.ring’s management feel dissatisfied with their new tariff development process. Furthermore, a new competitor had entered the market posing a major...

In the negotiations on agriculture in the World Trade Organization, it was asserted that an importing state trading enterprise affects the domestic market but not the international market. This claim is investigated through specifying a model of intermediaries in international trade. There are two kinds of intermediaries: first, a state trading enterprise; and second, an n-firm Cournot oligopso...

Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS) cloud providers offer a number of different tariff structures. The user has to balance the flexibility of the often quoted pay-by-the-hour, fixed price (“on demand”) model against the lower-cost-per-hour rate of a “reserved contract”. These tariff structures offer a significantly reduced cost per server hour (up to 50%), in exchange for an up-front payment by ...

Industria imports oil, produces final goods and wishes to mitigate global warming. Oilrabia exports oil and buys final goods from the other country. Industria uses the carbon tax to impose an import tariff on oil and steal some of Oilrabia's scarcity rent. Conversely, Oilrabia has monopoly power and sets the oil price to steal some of Industria's climate rent. We analyze the relative speeds of ...

Recently, many algorithms have been developed for autonomous agents to manage home energy use on behalf of their human owners. By so doing, it is expected that agents will be more efficient at, for example, choosing the best energy tariff to switch to when dynamically priced tariffs come about. However, to date, there has been no validation of such technologies in any field trial. In particular...

The majority of African countries implemented import liberalisation in the 1990s. This paper explores factors that may explain the pattern of protection and of tariff reform. We consider political economy explanations, motivated specifically by the Grossman and Helpman (1994) model of protection in response to industry lobbies, and the possibility that reforms are technocratic. Using industry-l...

Distributed electricity producers, such as small wind farms and solar installations, pose several technical and economic challenges in Smart Grid design. One approach to addressing these challenges is through Broker Agentswho buy electricity from distributed producers, and also sell electricity to consumers, via a Tariff Market–a new market mechanism where Broker Agents publish concurrent bid a...

This paper explores the impact on the Southern Mediterranean Countries (SMC) of the current process of trade liberalisation with the European Union. The methodology is that of computable general equilibrium modelling under imperfect competition and the model includes 10 countries and 11 sectors. This allows for both a cross-country and cross-sectoral analysis of the results. The experiments con...

We use mixed-complementarity-problem programming to implement tariff rate quotas (TRQs) in the global computable general equilibrium (CGE) LINKAGE model. We apply the approach to TRQs in sugar markets in OECD (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development) countries. We calibrate the model on 2000 policy levels for OECD countries to reflect the full implementation of their World Trade O...

Indonesia has been the largest exporter of Refined Palm Oil (RPO) in world which OIC countries being main export destination markets. However, most Indonesian RPO exports to are still concentrated four countries, namely Pakistan, Malaysia, Bangladesh, and Egypt. The distribution is small number due high tariff applied by several countries. This research aims analyze factors that influence palm ...