An increasing amount of data can be recorded automatically during surgeries. This has led to a recent interest in methods that allow statistical modeling of surgical workflow from this data. One main challenge of these methods is how to automatically generate a statistical model from a set of recorded surgeries. In this paper we will review different methods and show advantages and drawbacks.

> of PCG. They include angle surgeries like goniotomy, trabeculotomy (manual, 3600 suture or microcatheter V ] | combined trabeculotomy with trabeculectomy with or without anti-metabolites; glaucoma drainage devices, and cyclodestructive procedures. Goniotomy, abexterno trabeculotomy, combined trabeculotomy with trabeculectomy with or without mitomycin C are the most commonly performed surgerie...

A 3-manifold is ∂-reducible if ∂M is compressible in M . By definition, this means that there is a disk D properly embedded in M so that ∂D is an essential curve in ∂M . The disk D is called a compressing disk of ∂M , or a ∂-reducing disk of M . Now suppose M is a ∂-reducible manifold. Let K be a knot in a 3-manifold M such that ∂M is incompressible in M − K. A Dehn surgery on K is called ∂-red...

OBJECTIVE To report our experience on the erosion of polypropylene mesh used in pelvic reconstructive surgeries, and to discuss the pathological changes of mesh erosion. METHODS We conducted a retrospective study of 128 patients receiving pelvic reconstructive surgeries with polypropylene mesh from May 2006 to May 2009 in the Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan U...

OBJECTIVE To verify whether spinal surgery causes relevant changes in the blood clotting process and define which factors have the greatest influence on changes found. METHOD This is a not randomized, cross-sectional study, Forty seven patients were evaluated between August 2011 and February 2013, whose clinical, surgical, laboratory and image daata were collected. The data obtained were cros...

Strabismus surgeries have, in recent times, progressed at a rapid rate, with the introduction of a multitude of remarkable techniques that have defied the rules of classic surgery. With the advent of newer imaging modalities, and a better understanding of disease pathophysiology, surgical techniques are more targeted toward the specific muscles involved and its pathology. This article endeavors...

BACKGROUND The Uganda Hearing Project is a non-profit program assisting with teaching of ear surgery in Uganda. The project started with cadaveric temporal bone courses in 2003 and 2005, including donation of operating microscopes and ear instruments. In 2006, three surgical groups started regular surgical teaching visits. METHODS A retrospective chart review of all cases of middle ear surger...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Postoperative adhesions occur less often in laparoscopies than in laparotomies, but the incidence can be reduced further. Seprafilm, a sodium hyaluronate/carboxymethylcellulose absorbable barrier, was developed to prevent adhesions after abdominal surgery, and is approved for postoperative adhesion prevention. However, Seprafilm is seldom used in laparoscopic surgery b...

BACKGROUND Gaining and maintaining spinal balance after surgery is of great importance for early onset scoliosis (EOS). However, tendency of balance on the coronal plane after growing rod surgery has not been studied before. This study evaluated the effect of growing rod treatment on coronal balance (CB) during serial lengthening surgeries in EOS. METHODS All EOS patients treated with growing...

OBJECTIVE To assess the use of laparoscopic surgeries (LS) and the association between its performance and hospitals' preference for LS over open surgeries. SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA LS is increasingly used in many abdominal surgeries, albeit both with and without solid guideline recommendations. To date, the hospitals' preference (LS vs. open surgeries) and its association with in-hospital out...