The previously derived expressions for the incremental elastic coefficients of an isotropic medium under initial stress are applied to rubbertype elasticity. As a corollary an exact theory is obtained for the surface instability of such material under compression. It is found that in plane strain the incremental properties remain isotropic and are characterized by a single strain-dependent modu...

This paper investigates experimentally the effect of compressed cold air (CCA) and vegetable oil on the surface integrity and residual tresses of ground tool steel components. It shows that CCA can reduce grinding temperature and produce a compressive residual stress up o the grinding depth of 30 m. CCA can also improve surface finish while keeping grinding forces low. Oil was found to be more ...

The shrinkage mechanisms of portland cement paste were investigated from shrinkage, weight loss, and pore structure measurements using nitrogen sorption and mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP). Thin samples (2.3 mm) of well-hydrated (165 d) pastes of 0.4 and 0.6 water-to-cement (W/C) ratios were dried directly from saturated surface dry state to 75%, SO%, 11%, and 0% relative humidity (rh). Fro...

A stressed epitaxial film can undergo surface instability. The stress field and the interface interaction have profound effects on the dynamics of surface evolution that leads to selfassembled quantum dots. In this paper, by using a nonlinear evolution equation, we investigate pattern evolution of self-assembled quantum dots under general biaxial stresses. It is found that the shape of quantum ...

An optical 2-beam surface stress measurement and magneto-optical Kerr-effect has been combined with a liquid helium cooled cryostat. Sample temperatures down to 30 K and magnetic fields up to 0.7 T are achieved under UHV conditions. Low temperatures are exploited to obtain the first experimental data on the surface stress change induced by the adsorption of the noble gas Xe on Pt(111). High mag...

In the present study, plasticity induced crack closure (PICC) concept and three dimensional (3D) finite element methods (FEM) are used to study the effect of compressive residual stress field on the fatigue crack growth from a hole. To investigate the effect of compressive residual stress on crack opening levels and crack shape evolution, Carlson’s experiments were simulated. Crack shape evolut...

Iodine-induced stress-corrosion cracking (ISCC), a known failure mode for nuclear fuel cladding, occurs when iodine generated during the irradiation of a nuclear fuel pellet escapes the pellet through diffusion or thermal cracking and chemically interacts with the inner surface of the clad material, inducing a subsequent effect on the cladding’s resistance to mechanical stress. To complement ex...

A new surface sensor probe comprising an angular array of Hall effect sensors has been developed for characterization of residual stresses in ferrous materials by means of stress‐induced magnetic anisotropy measurements. The sensor probe applies a radially spreading ac magnetic field to a test sample, and detects stray fields in different directions simultaneously to determine the principal str...

This paper presents a noncontacting thermoelectric method that can be used to characterize the prevailing residual stress in shot-peened specimens. This novel method is based on magnetic detection of local thermoelectric currents in the compressed near-surface layer of metals when a temperature gradient is established throughout the specimen. Besides the primary residual stress effect, the ther...