conclusion gray scale sonography in combination with doppler sonography could be a trustworthy technique in differentiating metastatic lymph nodes from reactive ones. although, circulation pattern had a higher diagnostic accuracy in the present study, combination of sonographic characteristics could be more beneficial in differentiating metastatic cervical nodes from reactive ones. results the ...

  Introduction: Sentinel lymph node biopsy is the standard procedure for lymph node staging in intermediate thickness melanoma. In Iran, this procedure has not been addressed sufficiently. In this study, we report our experience in this area. Methods: Ten consecutive patients with intermediate thickness melanoma where included in our study. 1.5 mCi of Tc-99m antimony...

The efficacy of bacterial cultures and IS900-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was compared for the detection of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) from the mesenteric lymph nodes of goats. Samples were collected from 75 goats slaughtered in Ilam, in southwest of Iran. Tissue homogenates were inoculated onto four media. The genomic DNA was extracted directly from mesenteri...

Administering adjuvant irradiation to the level III axilla and supraclavicular fossa (SCF) is indicated for those patients who undergo the standard level I-II axillary dissection and who have four or more positive axillary nodes or T3-4 primary disease.(1-3) The risk of failure in the axillary apex or SCF is less than 5% for the patients who have T1-2 primary tumors and fewer than 4 involved ax...

BACKGROUND Lymph node metastasis (LNM) is most common in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). The bi-directional spread is a key feature of LNM in patients with thoracic esophageal SCC (TE-SCC). The purpose of this study was to analyze the prognostic factors of survival in patients with TE-SCC with cervical lymph node metastasis (CLM) and validate the staging system of the current American...

Background: The number of elderly patients with breast cancer has increased in recent years, many whom reside alone. This makes choosing their treatment difficult because domestic considerations and declining physical cognitive functions. Chemotherapy is often omitted owing to age, can subsequently be inadequate. Case presentation: Our patient was an 82-year-old woman presenting the chief compl...

introduction: breast cancer is the most common cancer and the second cause of death in women. it is essential to have the highest level of confidence in axillary staging assessment. many surgeons and pathologists believe that fewer lymph nodes are present in axillary dissection specimens of women treated by neoadjuvant chemotherapy. consequently, the purpose of this study was to compare the lym...