The accurate and sensitive detection of radical oxidants is a central problem in the field of chemical biology. Radical oxidants can be detected in vitro with fluorescent leucodyes such as dihydroethidium (DHE), dihydrorhodamine (DHR), the hydrocyanines, redoxfluor-1, and their organelle-specific analogues. Although these probes are widely used in cell culture, their accuracy is compromised by ...

In the atmospheric boundary layer that is affected by turbulent motions and inhomogeneous surface chemical emissions, short-lived reactive species may not be completely mixed within any given airmass. Coarse models, which assume complete mixing each grid-box, overestimate rates at react. We used a large eddy simulation (LES) model embedded in Weather Research Forecasting (WRF) to assess influen...

Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are known to increase in osteoporosis. Methylglyoxal is AGEs precursor that is toxic to osteoblasts. Methylglyoxal toxicity in osteoblasts involves oxidative stress. The involvement of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in changes of MC3T3E1 preosteoblast cell line morphology caused by methylglyoxal exposure is still unknown. This study was aimed to investigate...

A BSTRACT : Disrupted vasculature and high energy-demand by regenerating tissue results in wound hypoxia. Wound repair may be facilitated by oxygen therapy. Evidence supporting the mode of action of hyperbaric oxygen in promoting wound healing is sketchy, however. Topical oxygen therapy involves local administration of pure oxygen. The advantages of topical oxygen therapy include low cost, the ...

The occurrence of protein tyrosine nitration under disease conditions is now firmly established and represents a shift from the signal transducing physiological actions of (.)NO to oxidative and potentially pathogenic pathways. Tyrosine nitration is mediated by reactive nitrogen species such as peroxynitrite anion (ONOO(-)) and nitrogen dioxide ((.)NO2), formed as secondary products of (.)NO me...

Purpose of review The role of antioxidants in the management of hearing loss has generated considerable interest over the past several years. Research efforts in this field have yielded many new insights into the molecular and cellular nature of several types of hearing impairment, including age-related, noiseinduced, and drug-induced hearing loss. The objective of this paper is to highlight so...

The clean and facile electrochemical synthesis of hypervalent iodine reagents is a fast growing field. In the past 5 years, diverse number reaction types have been established, from fluorinations, oxidative cyclizations, C−N C−H couplings oxidations. Electrochemistry beneficial in terms sustainability as requirement for chemical oxidants eliminated. This contributes to cleaner processes with li...