Bird winter-feeding has become a popular backyard activity around the world, particularly in northern regions of Europe and America with cold winters. However, short- long-term ecological consequences such artificial feeding remain inconclusive. In seasonal environments, timing breeding is crucial aspect that can strongly influence reproductive output ultimately fitness. Individual condition at...

this experiment was conducted to increase the resistance of tiger barb (capoeta tetrazona ) against environmental stress by feeding brackish water gammarus sp. powder as supplementary diet in three levels (25%, 50% and 75%) and three replicates pe group compared to control group for 60 days. fishes was fed with 4 diet treatment containea of: 100% artificial diet (control group), 25% brakish wat...

Toddlers in South Kalimantan who experience nutritional problems on indicators of Weight/Height, namely underweight category, at a prevalence 5.5% above national figure 3.9%. Data from Guntung Payung Health Center showed there 38% under-fives with status and 9% very thin status. One preventive measures for undernourished toddlers is provision supplementary food containing high protein. Research...

BACKGROUND Few studies have provided evidence to verify that bottle-feeding has negative effects on breastfeeding. There is insufficient evidence to support the practice of cup-feeding to supplement breastfeeding. However, it has been applied as a substitute for bottle-feeding to promote breastfeeding. The aims of this study were to explore the differences in infant sucking competence, infant s...