Abstract Sunscreens are an important part of photoprotection for patients with photodermatoses, such as solar urticaria (SU). Despite long ultraviolet (UV)A and visible wavelength photosensitivity in many SU, sunscreens can still be beneficial (Beattie PE, Dawe RS, Ibbotson SH, Ferguson J. Characteristics prognosis idiopathic urticaria: a cohort 87 cases. Arch Dermatol 2003; 139:1149–54). Howev...

Background: The greatest sun exposure occurs until adolescence and this is the only factor involved in photocarcinogenesis subject to modification with photoprotection. oBjective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the habits and knowledge of adolescents regarding photoprotection. Method: Cross-sectional study that included 512 students from primary and high school. Data were collected...

INTRODUCTION It is now recognized that to adequately protect skin from sun damage, sunscreens require a photostable combination of ultraviolet (UV) filters with a suitable level of UVA protection. The total amount of UV filters should be as low as possible to avoid adverse skin reactions, potential environmental impact, and to ensure acceptable texture for better application and usage. METHOD...

BACKGROUND Sunlight contains ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation (290-315 nm) that affects human health in both detrimental (skin cancers) and beneficial (vitamin D3) ways. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations from young Americans (≤ 19 years) show that many have deficient (< 50 nmol/L, 20 ng/mL) or insufficient (< 75 nmol/L, 30 ng/mL) vitamin D levels, indicating that they are not getting enough...

Non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) is the most frequent malignancy in the United States, with over one million new cases reported annually. Approximately 80% of NMSC are basal cell carcinomas (BCC), while the remaining 20% of NMSC are squamous cell carcinomas (SCC). BCC and SCC commonly arise in regions of the skin subjected to chronic sun exposure implicating ultraviolet radiation (UV)-induced ce...

*Corresponding authors: Rastogi RP, Post-Graduate Department of Biosciences, UGC-Centre of Advanced Study, Sardar Patel University, Vadtal Road, Satellite Campus, Bakrol, Anand, Gujarat 388 315, India, Tel: +91 02692 229380; Fax: +91 02692 237258; E-mail: [email protected] Madamwar D, Post-Graduate Department of Biosciences, UGC-Centre of Advanced Study, Sardar Patel University, Vadtal...

Parabens are esters of p-hydroxybenzoic acid and belong to group of effective preservatives commonly used in cosmetic products, drugs and food. Their antimicrobial activity increases with increasing carbon number of the ester group. A number of cosmetic products and skincare products are preserved with parabens, as well in Europe as in the United States. Methyl, ethyl and propyl paraben are pre...

The sun protection factor (SPF) has widely been used to evaluate the protective value of sunscreens. However, SPF only reflects the effectiveness of the sunscreen to protect against acute sunburn which is mainly due to ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation. The deleterious effects of UVB are well known and UVB was believed in the past to be the spectrum responsible for the damages arising from ultravio...

VIDEO ABSTRACT Stomatopod crustaceans, or mantis shrimp, are renowned for their complex visual systems. Their array of 16 types of photoreceptors provides complex color reception, as well as linear and circular polarization sensitivity [1-6]. The least-understood components of their retina are the UV receptors, of which there are up to six distinct, narrowly tuned spectral types [4]. Here we sh...