The studies in this thesis research were conducted to investigate if sensitivity to induced cortical spread depression (CSD) or the consequence of a CSD event is affected by sumatriptan induced latent sensitization. Previous studies in our lab showed persistent exposure of sumatripan to rats produced a latent state of sensitization. Using persistent sumatripan exposed rats as a model for medica...

Succinate is an interesting chemical for industries producing food and pharmaceutical products, surfactants, detergents and biodegradable plastics. Succinate is produced mainly by a mixed-acid fermentation process using anaerobically growing bacteria. However, succinate excretion is also widespread among fungi. In this article we report results on the intracellular concentration and the excreti...

Cluster headache pain is very intense, usually increases in intensity very rapidly from onset, and attacks are often frequent. These clinical features result in significant therapeutic challenges. The most effective pharmacological treatment options for acute cluster attack include subcutaneous sumatriptan, 100% oxygen, and intranasal zolmitriptan. Subcutaneous or intramuscular dihydroergotamin...

Succinate is an intermediate of the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, and plays a crucial role in adenosine triphosphate (ATP) generation in mitochondria. Recently, new roles for succinate outside metabolism have emerged. Succinate stabilizes the transcription factor hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) in specific tumors and in activated macrophages, and stimulates dendritic cells via its recept...