OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of metformin use in clinical practice in a large sample of pharmacologically treated patients with type 2 diabetes and different levels of renal function. DESIGN Observational study between July 2004 and December 2010, mean follow-up 3.9 years. SETTING Hospital outpatient clinics and primary care in Sweden. PARTICIPANTS 51 675 men and wom...

OBJECTIVE To understand the independent role of thiazolidinediones (TZDs) in delaying progression to parenteral insulin therapy. DESIGN Population-based retrospective cohort study. SETTING British Columbia, Canada. PARTICIPANTS A total of 18 867 type 2 diabetes patients (mean age 58.9) treated with metformin as first-line therapy who then switched or added a TZD or sulphonylurea as a seco...

A selective and sensitive gas chromatographic technique was used to measure the steady-state serum concentrations of tolbutamide and chlorpropamide in 97 patients with maturity-onset diabetes mellitus who had been taking these drugs (37 tolbutamide, 60 chlorpropamide) for at least a year. No other antidiabetic agents had been given. The serum tolbutamide concentrations varied widely between the...

INTRODUCTION Insulin analogues have gained widespread popularity. However, in many countries the use of these drugs is limited by their relatively high cost, so there is still a need for more cost-effective human insulin therapies. The aim of the study was to assess the effectiveness and safety of the premixed recombinant human insulin (rhuI) Gensulin M30 in a real-life setting. MATERIAL AND ...

Sulphonylureas (SUs) are widely used glucose-lowering agents in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with apparent declining efficacy over time. Concerns have been raised from observational retrospective studies on the cardiovascular (CV) safety of SUs but there are few long-term data on CV outcomes from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involving the use of this class of agents. Most of the obser...

The prevalence of diabetes mellitus is rising globally, and it induces a substantial public health burden to the healthcare systems. Its optimal control is one of the most significant challenges faced by physicians and policy-makers. Whereas some of the established oral hypoglycaemic drug classes like biguanide, sulphonylureas, thiazolidinediones have been extensively used, the newer agents lik...

It is said that there are more than 5800 kinds of weeds, which significantly do harm to the agricultural production and weed control has always been an important issue in agrochemical practice. Chemical agents, that is herbicides, are used widely in the world in protecting crops from undue competition from weeds. The main chemical classes of herbicides(Tadeo et al., 2000) include bipiridilium c...

OBJECTIVE To assess treatment adherence to dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor vildagliptin compared with sulphonylureas (SU) in Muslim patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who were fasting during Ramadan in the UK. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS This prospective, observational cohort study was conducted in four UK centres. Patients already taking vildagliptin (50 mg twice a day) or an SU as add-...

AIMS To compare the efficacy and safety of new insulin glargine 300 U/ml (Gla-300) with that of glargine 100 U/ml (Gla-100) in insulin-naïve people with type 2 diabetes using oral glucose-lowering drugs. METHODS The EDITION 3 study was a multicentre, open-label, parallel-group study. Participants were randomized to Gla-300 or Gla-100 once daily for 6 months, discontinuing sulphonylureas and g...

BACKGROUND Previous studies have shown that many within-class differences exist between sulfonylureas (SUs), however, whether differences exist regarding the time it takes between initiating an SU and the need to intensify treatment with insulin is unclear. The aim of this study was investigate the relationships between the three frequently used sulphonylureas, prescribed as dual therapy next t...