BACKGROUND AND AIMS Enteral fiber-free diets alter intestinal transit and produce diarrhea or constipation. This prospective double blind, controlled study evaluates the use of guar gum, a soluble fiber and a candidate prebiotic in enteral feeds, to prevent diarrhea and potential health benefits in intensive care unit patients. METHODS Twenty patients on enteral nutrition with persistent diar...

BACKGROUND Studies suggest cardioprotective benefits of dark chocolate containing cocoa. OBJECTIVE This study examines the acute effects of solid dark chocolate and liquid cocoa intake on endothelial function and blood pressure in overweight adults. DESIGN Randomized, placebo-controlled, single-blind crossover trial of 45 healthy adults [mean age: 53 y; mean body mass index (in kg/m(2)): 30...

BACKGROUND Flavor perception, the integration of taste and odor, is a critical factor in eating behavior. It remains unclear how such sensory signals influence the human brain systems that execute the eating behavior. METHODS WE TESTED CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW (CBF) IN THE FRONTAL LOBES BILATERALLY WHILE SUBJECTS CHEWED THREE TYPES OF GUM WITH DIFFERENT COMBINATIONS OF TASTE AND ODOR: no taste/no ...

The work is devoted to the development of sour milk products based on goat’s using example yoghurt with dietary fiber (DF). Gum arabic (0.3, 0.7, and 1%) bamboo concentrate (BFC) concentrations 5, 7 10% were used as fiber. According organoleptic, physicochemical microbiological indicators, two samples DF selected, namely: gum (0.3%) BFC (5%). It was shown that in terms parameters (acidity, mass...

Two experiments examined whether chewing spearmint gum can affect the initial learning or subsequent recall of a word list. Comparing those participants in Experiment 1 who chewed gum at the learning or the recall phases showed that chewing gum at initial learning was associated with superior recall. In addition, chewing gum led to context-dependent effects as a switch between gum and no gum (o...

A patient presented with extensive marginal ditching around restorations recently placed during whole-mouth rehabilitation. The patient was not xerostomic and was otherwise normal except for the self-reported excessive use of "sugar-free" cough drops sweetened with sorbitol and Isomalt® (an equimolar mix of glucosyl-mannitol and glucosylsorbitol). This prompted an in vitro investigation to dete...

BACKGROUND A long-standing concern among dental health professionals has been about the harmful effects of sugered medicines on teeth, especially in children who regularly take such medications. AIM To investigate parental attitudes, perceptions, and motivations to sugar-free medicines so that an effective promotional campaign could be mounted. METHOD A qualitative, focus group approach was...