\Structure From Motion" (SFM) refers to the problem of estimating three-dimensional information about the environment from the motion of its two-dimensional projection onto a surface (for instance the retina). Noise plays an important role in this problem, but it has been addressed only marginally in more than twenty years of research. We present an analysis of SFM from the point of view of noi...

A key challenge in movement ecology is to understand how animals move in nature. Previous studies have predicted that animals should perform a special class of random walks, called Lévy walk, to obtain more targets. However, some empirical studies did not support this hypothesis, and the relationship between search strategy and ecological factors is still unclear. We focused on ecological facto...

Sequence alignment algorithms have a long standing tradition in bioinformatics. In this paper, we formulate an extension to existing local alignment algorithms: local alignments across multiple scoring functions. For this purpose, we use the Waterman-Eggert algorithm for suboptimal local alignments as template and introduce two new features therein: 1) an alignment of two strings over a set of ...

Suboptimal detectors of multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) have been studied because the implementation of the optimum detector, the maximum-likelihood (ML) detector, has so far been considered infeasible for high-rate system. Sphere decoder (SD) using depth-first tree searching and K-best algorithm are used for near optimum detector. SD has the non-deterministic computational throughput and...

BACKGROUND Spinal immobilisation during extrication of patients in road traffic collisions is routinely used despite the lack of evidence for this practice. In a previous proof of concept study (n=1), we recorded up to four times more cervical spine movement during extrication using conventional techniques than self-controlled extrication. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to establis...

We consider the learning task consisting in predicting as well as the best function in a finite reference set G up to the smallest possible additive term. IfR(g) denotes the generalization error of a prediction function g, under reasonable assumptions on the loss function (typically satisfied by the least square loss when the output is bounded), it is known that the progressive mixture rule ĝ s...

Suboptimal heuristic search algorithms such as weighted A* and greedy best-first search (GBFS) are widely used to solve problems for which guaranteed optimal solutions are too expensive to obtain. These algorithms crucially rely on a heuristic function to guide their search. However, most research on building heuristics addresses optimal solving. In this paper, we illustrate how established wis...

Adequate dietary intake of micronutrients is not necessarily achieved even in resource-rich areas of the world wherein overeating is a public health concern. In Europe, population-based data suggests substantial variability in micronutrient intake among children. Two independent surveys of micronutrient consumption among European children were evaluated. Stratified by age, the data regarding mi...

Stochastic resonance has received significant attention recently in the signal processing community with emphasis on signal detection. The basic notion is that the performance of some suboptimal detectors can be improved by adding independent noise to the measured (and already noise contaminated) observation. The notion of adding noise makes sense if the observation is the result of nonlinear p...