OBJECTIVE To estimate the prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism (SH) among children, by using levothyroxine low dosage as disease proxy, and to describe prescription pattern. DESIGN An historical cohort study was performed through administrative databases of 12 Italian Local Health Units covering 3,079,141 inhabitants. A cohort of children (aged 0-13 years) was selected in the period 2001-...

Ethanol-soluble carbohydrates (ESCs) of cool-season grasses include mono- and disaccharides sometimes short-chain fructans, which may exacerbate the risk pasture-associated laminitis. A calibration for prediction ESC concentrations by near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) was developed from 323 samples four grass species (orchardgrass, Kentucky bluegrass, tall fescue, perennial ryegrass...

BACKGROUND AND AIM Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) often have subclinical hypothyroidism. However, few reports have investigated changes in the status of subclinical hypothyroidism in CKD patients and its clinical significance in CKD progression. METHODS We included 168 patients with nondialysis-dependent CKD stages 2-4. The normalization of subclinical hypothyroidism during follow...

this report details the presence of hyperammonemia in a patient who sustained cardiac arrest after a traumatic amputation. serum ammonia levels may rise due to numerous etiologies; however, few reports detail its usefulness in diagnosing subclinical seizures. in this case, we successfully utilized persistently elevated serum ammonia levels as a marker of subclinical seizures in a patient who su...

Insulin resistance (IR) is important to the equine practitioner because of its association with laminitis. Older horses with pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction (PPID) are pre-disposed to both IR and laminitis, and it is likely that these conditions are related. Horses or ponies that exhibit delayed shedding of the haircoat or hirsutism, loss of skeletal muscle mass, or polyuria/polydipsia sh...

Although various cardiac monitoring methods were developed to detect subclinical arrhythmias, guidelines do not address in detail the management of subclinical atrial fibrillation and tachyarrhythmias. The European Heart Rhythm Association recently published a consensus document that addresses the clinical importance, implications, and management of device-detected subclinical atrial tachyarrhy...

Aged horses are at risk for pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction (PPID), and insulin dysregulation (hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance) is an underlying problem in some animals. Hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance are exacerbated by PPID, and this increases the risk of laminitis. It is therefore recommended that all aged horses be screened for PPID and hyperinsulinemia and the magnitu...