UNLABELLED BACKGROUND Recent attention has been given to subclinical hypothyroidism, defined as an elevation of TSH (4.5-10 uIU/L) with T4 and T3 levels still within the normal range. Controversy exists about the proper lower limit of TSH that defines patients in the subclinical hypothyroidism range and about if/when subclinical hypothyroidism should be treated. Additional data are needed to...

Maternal thyroid state is an important predictor of pregnancy outcome. Both hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism have been shown to have an adverse impact on pregnancy. There is a wide range in the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction worldwide. In the USA which is considered an iodine replete country, 2%–3% of apparently healthy, non pregnant women of childbearing age have an elevated serum TSH wit...

OBJECTIVE To compare intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) outcomes of women with subclinical hypothyroidism with those of euthyroid women. MATERIALS AND METHODS A retrospective case-control study was conducted. Out of 2529 ICSI cycles evaluated, 41 women with hypothyroidism, 28 women with hyperthyroidism, and 128 women with subclinical hyperthyroidism were excluded, and 2336 cycles were an...

Adipocytes are not only for energy storage, but are also functionally active cells, producing biologically active peptides called adipocytokines. Adipocytokines control nutrition, thermogenesis, immunity, thyroid and reproductive hormones, and neuroendocrine functions. One of the most important new members of this family is apelin. In patients with thyroid dysfunctions, there are usually change...

In normal pregnancy, the maternal thyroid gland undergoes alterations to maintain necessary levels of hormones (THs) in each gestational period. However, various factors may reduce TH levels, potentially impacting onset and development pregnancy. Such cases dysfunction are divided into overt (clinical) hypothyroidism, subclinical or isolated hypothyroxinemia, depending on severity deficiency. T...

Background & Objective: Thyroid hormones have an important role in the regulation of lipid metabolism. Subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH), defined as a mild increase in thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and normal level of thyroxine (T4), could be associated with altered lipid profile. The current study aimed at assessing the association between SCH and ...

OBJECTIVE Hypothyroidism may be an exacerbating factor for primary headaches and migraine is one of the most common primary headaches in childhood. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of treatment of subclinical hypothyroidism on children with migraine headache. MATERIALS & METHODS In a quasi-experimental study, the severity and monthly frequency of headache of 25 migraineur ...

PURPOSE The aim of the present study was to evaluate the average sleeping energy expenditure (EE) levels using the SenseWear Armband (SWA) in patients with overt and subclinical hypothyroidism. METHODS Sixty patients with hypothyroidism and 30 healthy individuals were recruited for the study. Hypothyroid patients were divided into two groups: group 1 (n = 30) consisted of patients with overt ...