BACKGROUND It is unclear how complex pathophysiological mechanisms that result in early brain injury (EBI) after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) are triggered. We investigate how peak intracranial pressure (ICP), amount of subarachnoid blood, and hyperacute depletion of cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) correlate to the onset of EBI following experimental SAH. METHODS An entire spectrum of vari...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE To determine the role of superoxide anions in the pathogenesis of cerebral vasospasm after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage, we studied the preventive effect of human recombinant copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (h-r SOD) in a rabbit subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) model. METHODS Forty-five rabbits receiving intracisternal injection of 3 mL autologous nonheparinized blo...

Subarachnoid hemorrhage usually results in poor clinical outcome and devastating neurological deficits. The early brain injury and delayed vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) are involved in the poor prognosis to the patients, while the mechanisms have not been well elucidated. Previous studies found an up-regulation of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), inflammatory factors and high-mobili...

A neurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) Z A accounts for approximately 6-8% of all JL JL strokes. Unlike other forms of cerebrovascular disease, the incidence of SAH has not declined during the last 2 decades. Based on the US population and available data on the incidence of SAH (11/100,000), the calculated number of SAH cases per year is approximately 26,000. SAH is a serious disorder with a...

Glial tumours associated with subarachnoid haemorrhage are very rare. A 64-year-old woman admitted with a history of 3 weeks seizures and a left sided hemiparesis and dysphasia. The magnetic resonance disclosed heterogeneously enhancing a right temporal mass. During surgery, suddenly an abrupt and extensive swelling had occurred both in tumour and the brain tissue. The surgery was completed wit...

OBJECTIVE it is hypothesized that free radical reactions evoked by oxyhemoglobin (oxyHb) cause cerebral vasospasm after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), even though the detailed mechanisms have not yet been fully established. The aims of this study were thus to investigate, through the use of the double-hemorrhage rabbit model, the possibility that free radical reactions play a role in...

Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a devastating neurological disorder. Patients with aneurysmal SAH develop secondary complications that are important causes of morbidity and mortality. Aside from secondary neurological injuries, SAH has been associated with nonneurologic medical complications, such as neurocardiogenic injury, neurogenic pulmonary edema, hyperglycemia, and electrolyte imbalance,...

Previously, it was widely accepted that the delayed ischemic injury and poor clinical outcome following subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) was caused by cerebral vasospasm. This classical theory was challenged by a clazosentan clinical trial, which failed to improve patient outcome, despite reversing angiographic vasospasm. One possible explanation for the results of this trial is the changes in mic...

The authors report on a patient with a ruptured anterior communicating aneurysm treated surgically on the day following her subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Repeated measurements of cerebral blood flow (rCBF) were carried out using the inhalational Xenon 133 method. Dramatic acute increases in rCBF occurred, coincident with clinical improvement, following mannitol, CSF drainage and dopamine. Late...

A case of agenesis of the internal carotid artery (ICA) associated with an anomalous middle cerebral artery (MCA) originating from the contralateral ICA is herein reported. This rare case presented with a subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) due to a rupture of an anterior communicating artery (ACoA) aneurysm.